{"id":12358122,"date":"2026-03-10T10:12:28","date_gmt":"2026-03-10T02:12:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/knowledge\/ssl%e8%af%81%e4%b9%a6%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%ef%bc%9f%e4%bb%8e%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86%e5%88%b0%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5%ef%bc%8c%e4%b8%80%e6%96%87%e8%af%bb%e6%87%82https%e5%8a%a0%e5%af%86%e7%9a%84%e6%a0%b8\/"},"modified":"2026-03-11T11:27:02","modified_gmt":"2026-03-11T03:27:02","slug":"ssl-certificate-explained-https-encryption-principles-practice","status":"publish","type":"knowledge_post","link":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/tr\/knowledge\/ssl-certificate\/ssl-certificate-explained-https-encryption-principles-practice\/","title":{"rendered":"SSL Sertifikas\u0131 nedir? Prensibinden uygulamas\u0131na kadar, HTTPS \u015fifreleme teknolojisinin temellerini tek bir makalede anlay\u0131n."},"content":{"rendered":"

SSL sertifikas\u0131n\u0131n temel kavramlar\u0131 ve i\u015flevi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

SSL sertifikas\u0131, tam ad\u0131yla G\u00fcvenli Ba\u011flant\u0131 Katman\u0131 Sertifikas\u0131 (Secure Sockets Layer Certificate) olup, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yerini TLS sertifikalar\u0131na b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; ancak sekt\u00f6rde h\u00e2l\u00e2 SSL ad\u0131 kullan\u0131lmaya devam etmektedir. Bu, dijital bir sertifikad\u0131r ve istemci (\u00f6rne\u011fin bir taray\u0131c\u0131) ile sunucu aras\u0131nda \u015fifreli bir ba\u011flant\u0131 kurarak, internet \u00fczerinden iletilen verilerin gizlili\u011fini ve b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flar. Temel i\u015flevi, web sitelerine kimlik do\u011frulamas\u0131 sa\u011flamak ve HTTPS protokol\u00fcn\u00fc etkinle\u015ftirmektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar, ge\u00e7erli bir SSL sertifikas\u0131 bulunan bir web sitesine eri\u015fti\u011finde, taray\u0131c\u0131 sunucu ile \u201cel s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u201d (handshake) ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir ve sertifikan\u0131n ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini do\u011frular. Do\u011frulama ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olduktan sonra, taraflar sonraki t\u00fcm ileti\u015fim verilerini \u015fifrelemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lacak bir dizi oturum anahtar\u0131 (session key) olu\u015ftururlar. Bu, verilerin iletim s\u0131ras\u0131nda ele ge\u00e7irilmesi durumunda bile, sald\u0131rgan\u0131n yaln\u0131zca \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemeyen \u015fifreli metinler g\u00f6rece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir; bu da bilgi gizlili\u011finin ve ara ki\u015fi sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n (man-in-the-middle attacks) etkili bir \u015fekilde \u00f6nlenmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayr\u0131ca, SSL sertifikas\u0131 HTTPS protokol\u00fcn\u00fcn etkinle\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in gereklidir. HTTPS\u2019deki \u201cS\u201d, \u201cG\u00fcvenli\u201d anlam\u0131na gelir ve standart HTTP protokol\u00fcne SSL\/TLS \u015fifreleme katman\u0131 eklenmesiyle olu\u015fturulur. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Chrome, Firefox gibi pop\u00fcler taray\u0131c\u0131lar, HTTPS kullanmayan web sitelerini \u201cg\u00fcvensiz\u201d olarak i\u015faretler; bu durum kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00fcvenini ve web sitelerinin profesyonel imaj\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan etkiler. Giri\u015f yapmay\u0131, \u00f6deme yapmay\u0131 veya ki\u015fisel bilgileri g\u00f6ndermeyi gerektiren web siteleri i\u00e7in SSL sertifikas\u0131, vazge\u00e7ilmez bir g\u00fcvenlik unsuru haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Tavsiye edilen okuma SSL Sertifikas\u0131 Kullan\u0131m K\u0131lavuzu: Web Sitesi G\u00fcvenli\u011fini Sa\u011flamak \u0130\u00e7in Nas\u0131l Se\u00e7ilir, Sat\u0131n Al\u0131n\u0131r ve Kurulur?<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

SSL sertifikas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibi ve \u015fifreleme s\u00fcreci<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

SSL sertifikalar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlaman\u0131n anahtar\u0131, arkas\u0131ndaki asimetrik \u015fifreleme ve simetrik \u015fifrelemenin birlikte nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamakt\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 genellikle \u201cSSL\/TLS el s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u201d (SSL\/TLS handshake) olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

\r\n\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\r\n\t
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Bluehost\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tBluehost SSL sertifikas\u0131.<\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\tBlueHost SSL sertifikalar\u0131, 1-2 y\u0131ll\u0131k uzatma s\u00fcresi se\u00e7enekleri sunar, RSA veya ECC algoritmalar\u0131n\u0131 destekler, 4096 bit'e kadar anahtar uzunlu\u011fu sa\u011flar ve 1,75 milyon ABD dolar\u0131na kadar garanti tutar\u0131 sunar.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t
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Ayl\u0131k $7,49 USD'den ba\u015flayan fiyatlarla.<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBluehost SSL sertifikas\u0131na eri\u015fin \u2192<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\r\n\t
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"hosting.com\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\thosting.com SSL sertifikas\u0131.<\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\tUygun fiyatl\u0131 DV, OV, EV SSL sertifikalar\u0131, en y\u00fcksek 256 bit \u015fifreleme, 5 milyon ila 100 milyon ABD dolar\u0131 tutar\u0131nda garanti ve 7\/24 destek.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t
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Ayl\u0131k $2.5 USD'den ba\u015flayan fiyatlarla.<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHosting.com SSL sertifikas\u0131na eri\u015fin. \u2192<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Asimetrik \u015eifreleme ve Sertifika Do\u011frulama<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El s\u0131kma s\u00fcreci, asimetrik \u015fifreleme ile ba\u015flar. Sunucu, sertifika veren kurulu\u015f taraf\u0131ndan verilen bir SSL sertifikas\u0131na sahiptir; bu sertifika, sunucunun kamusal anahtar\u0131n\u0131 ve kimlik bilgilerini i\u00e7erir. \u0130stemci sunucuya ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sunucu \u00f6ncelikle SSL sertifikas\u0131n\u0131n bir kopyas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6nderir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00fc\u015fteri taraf\u0131 (taray\u0131c\u0131), bir dizi do\u011frulama i\u015flemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir: Sertifikan\u0131n g\u00fcvenilir bir CA (Sertifika Yetkilisi) taraf\u0131ndan verilip verilmedi\u011fini, sertifikan\u0131n ge\u00e7erlilik s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve sertifikadaki alan ad\u0131n\u0131n ziyaret edilen web sitesinin alan ad\u0131yla e\u015fle\u015fip e\u015fle\u015fmedi\u011fini kontrol eder. Bu ad\u0131m son derece \u00f6nemlidir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u201cileti\u015fim kurulan sunucunun ger\u00e7ekten iddia etti\u011fi ki\u015fi oldu\u011funu\u201d do\u011frular ve kimlik do\u011frulama i\u015flemini tamamlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Simetrik \u015fifreleme oturumunun kurulmas\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Do\u011frulama i\u015flemi tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, istemci rastgele bir \u201c\u00f6n anahtar\u201d (pre-master key) olu\u015fturur ve bu anahtar\u0131 sunucunun sertifikas\u0131ndaki a\u00e7\u0131k anahtar (public key) kullanarak \u015fifreler; ard\u0131ndan bu \u015fifreli veriyi sunucuya g\u00f6nderir. Bu bilgiyi yaln\u0131zca ilgili \u00f6zel anahtara (private key) sahip olan sunucu \u00e7\u00f6zebilece\u011finden, \u00f6n anahtar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde de\u011fi\u015f toku\u015f edilmesi sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daha sonra, istemci ve sunucu bu \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f ana anahtar\u0131 kullanarak ayn\u0131 \u201coturum anahtar\u0131n\u0131\u201d ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak hesaplarlar. Bu andan itibaren, her iki taraf da bu oturum anahtar\u0131 ile simetrik \u015fifreleme ileti\u015fimi yapmaya ba\u015flar. Simetrik \u015fifreleme algoritmalar\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda veriyi \u015fifrelerken ve \u015fifresini \u00e7\u00f6zerken asimetrik \u015fifreleme algoritmalar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha verimlidir; bu da g\u00fcvenli ileti\u015fimin y\u00fcksek performans\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

Tavsiye edilen okuma SSL sertifikalar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flevi, t\u00fcrleri ve \u00fccretsiz ve \u00fccretli ba\u015fvuru rehberleri.<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcm el s\u0131kma i\u015flemi birka\u00e7 milisaniye i\u00e7inde tamamlan\u0131r ve ard\u0131ndan g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fifreleme kanal\u0131 kurulur. T\u00fcm HTTP istekleri ve yan\u0131tlar\u0131 bu kanal arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla korunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SSL sertifikalar\u0131n\u0131n ana tipleri ve se\u00e7imi.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Do\u011frulama seviyesine ve i\u015flevsel ihtiya\u00e7lara g\u00f6re, SSL sertifikalar\u0131 esas olarak \u00fc\u00e7 ana t\u00fcre ayr\u0131l\u0131r ve farkl\u0131 i\u015f senaryolar\u0131 i\u00e7in uygundurlar.<\/p>\n

Tavsiye edilen okuma SSL Sertifikas\u0131 K\u0131lavuzu: Sat\u0131n Alma, Kurulum ve G\u00fcvenlik Ayarlamalar\u0131na Kadar Tam S\u00fcre\u00e7<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n\n
\n UltaHost SSL sertifikas\u0131.<\/strong>\n
DV, EV, OV sertifikalar\u0131, en fazla $1, 750.000 ABD dolar\u0131 teminat tutar\u0131n\u0131 destekler, s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z alt alan ad\u0131n\u0131 destekler, iOS ve Android uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 destekler ve 20%'den ba\u015flayan ayl\u0131k $15,95 ABD dolar\u0131 fiyatla 30 g\u00fcnl\u00fck para iade garantisi sunar.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n
\n \n \n \"SSL\n \n \n <\/a>\n \n \n UltaHost'u ziyaret edin. <\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Domain do\u011frulama sertifikas\u0131.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

DV sertifikas\u0131, do\u011frulama seviyesi en temel olan sertifikad\u0131r. CA (Certification Authority), ba\u015fvuru sahibinin alan ad\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funu yaln\u0131zca do\u011frular (\u00f6rne\u011fin, alan ad\u0131na kay\u0131tl\u0131 e-posta adresine do\u011frulama e-postas\u0131 g\u00f6ndererek). \u0130\u015flem h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r ve genellikle birka\u00e7 dakika i\u00e7inde tamamlan\u0131r. Temel \u015fifreleme \u00f6zellikleri sunar; ancak sertifikada \u015firket ad\u0131 yer almaz. Bireysel web siteleri, bloglar veya test ortamlar\u0131 i\u00e7in uygundur ve maliyeti d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kurulu\u015f do\u011frulama sertifikas\u0131.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

OV sertifikalar\u0131 daha y\u00fcksek seviyede g\u00fcven sa\u011flar. Alan ad\u0131 sahipli\u011fini do\u011frulaman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, CA (Sertifika Yetkilisi) ba\u015fvuru yapan kurulu\u015fun ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini ve yasall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da manuel olarak inceleyerek (\u00f6rne\u011fin \u015firketin ticari kay\u0131t bilgilerini kontrol ederek) do\u011frular. OV sertifikas\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131nda do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f \u015firket ad\u0131 yer al\u0131r. Bu durum, kullan\u0131c\u0131lara web sitesinin arkas\u0131nda do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f bir t\u00fczel ki\u015filik oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir ve genellikle kurumsal web siteleri, e-ticaret platformlar\u0131 gibi ortamlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r; bu da kullan\u0131c\u0131 g\u00fcvenini art\u0131rmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Geni\u015fletilmi\u015f do\u011frulama sertifikas\u0131.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

EV sertifikalar\u0131, en s\u0131k\u0131 do\u011frulama s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine tabi tutulan ve en y\u00fcksek g\u00fcven seviyesine sahip sertifikalard\u0131r. CA\u2019lar (Certificate Authorities), kurulu\u015fun fiziksel varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, i\u015fletme durumunu ve yetkilendirme taleplerini do\u011frulamay\u0131 i\u00e7eren titiz inceleme s\u00fcre\u00e7leri uygularlar. En \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi, EV sertifikas\u0131 da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra ana ak\u0131m taray\u0131c\u0131larda adres \u00e7ubu\u011funda \u015firket ad\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frudan ye\u015fil renkte g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesidir; bu da kullan\u0131c\u0131lara en sezgisel g\u00fcvenlik g\u00f6stergesini sunar. EV sertifikalar\u0131, g\u00fcvenlik ve g\u00fcven gereksinimlerinin son derece y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu bankalar, finans kurulu\u015flar\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck e-ticaret siteleri gibi yerlerde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayr\u0131ca, kapsad\u0131klar\u0131 alan ad\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re tek alan adl\u0131 sertifikalar, \u00e7oklu alan adl\u0131 sertifikalar ve joker karakterli sertifikalar (wildcard sertifikalar) olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitlilik g\u00f6sterirler. Joker karakterli sertifikalar, bir ana alan ad\u0131n\u0131 ve t\u00fcm ayn\u0131 seviyedeki alt alan adlar\u0131n\u0131 koruyabilir ve y\u00f6netimi olduk\u00e7a kolayd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SSL sertifikas\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l ba\u015fvurup da\u011f\u0131tabilirsiniz?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Web sitesine SSL sertifikas\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tmak sistematik bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir; ba\u015fvurudan yap\u0131land\u0131rmaya kadar ad\u0131mlar\u0131n do\u011fru s\u0131rayla izlenmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sertifika ba\u015fvuru ve verme s\u00fcreci.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6ncelikle, web sunucusunda bir \u201cSertifika \u0130mza \u0130steksi\u201d (Certificate Signature Request \u2013 CSR) olu\u015fturman\u0131z gerekmektedir. Bu, sizin a\u00e7\u0131k anahtar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve web sitesinin kimlik bilgilerini i\u00e7eren \u015fifreli bir metin dosyas\u0131d\u0131r. CSR olu\u015fturulurken, bir a\u00e7\u0131k anahtar ve \u00f6zel anahtar olu\u015fturulur; \u00f6zel anahtar\u0131n sunucuda g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde saklanmas\u0131 ve kesinlikle d\u0131\u015far\u0131 s\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daha sonra, se\u00e7ilen sertifika yetkilendirme kurulu\u015funa CSR (Certificate Signing Request \u2013 Sertifika \u0130mzalama \u0130ste\u011fi) g\u00f6nderilir ve ba\u015fvurulan sertifika t\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re ilgili do\u011frulama belgeleri sa\u011flan\u0131r. DV (Domain Validation \u2013 Alan Ad\u0131 Do\u011frulama) sertifikalar\u0131 i\u00e7in do\u011frulama genellikle otomatiktir; OV (Organization Validation \u2013 Kurulu\u015f Do\u011frulama) veya EV (Extended Validation \u2013 Geni\u015fletilmi\u015f Do\u011frulama) sertifikalar\u0131 i\u00e7in ise kurulu\u015fun belgelerinin CA (Certificate Authority \u2013 Sertifika Yetkilendirme Kurulu\u015fu) ile payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Do\u011frulama i\u015flemi tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, CA SSL sertifika dosyas\u0131n\u0131 (genellikle bir .crt veya .pem dosyas\u0131) d\u00fczenler ve yay\u0131nlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sunucu Kurulumu ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Sertifika dosyas\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131ktan sonra, bunu daha \u00f6nce olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz \u00f6zel anahtarla birlikte web sunucusuna y\u00fcklemeniz gerekmektedir. Farkl\u0131 sunucu yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131land\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemleri farkl\u0131d\u0131r; \u00f6rne\u011fin Nginx, Apache, IIS vb. i\u00e7in de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gereken kendi yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyalar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Temel ad\u0131mlar, sertifika dosyas\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00f6zel anahtar dosyas\u0131n\u0131n yolunu belirtmek ve HTTP isteklerini zorunlu olarak HTTPS\u2019ye y\u00f6nlendirmektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kurulum tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, sertifikan\u0131n do\u011fru \u015fekilde y\u00fcklendi\u011fini, eksiksiz bir g\u00fcven zincirinin olu\u015fturuldu\u011funu ve herhangi bir g\u00fcvenlik protokol\u00fc veya \u015fifreleme paketinde ayar hatas\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i ara\u00e7lar veya komut sat\u0131r\u0131 kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yap\u0131lan i\u015flemlerden sonra at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken yayg\u0131n bir ad\u0131m da HSTS (HTTP Strict Transport Security) \u00f6zelli\u011fini etkinle\u015ftirmektir. HSTS, taray\u0131c\u0131lara belirli bir s\u00fcre boyunca web sitesine yaln\u0131zca HTTPS \u00fczerinden eri\u015filmesini zorunlu k\u0131lar ve b\u00f6ylece d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme (downgrade) sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ek bir koruma sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son olarak, sertifikan\u0131n s\u00fcresi dolmadan yenilenmesi veya yeniden ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in mutlaka bir hat\u0131rlatma ayarlay\u0131n. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u00fcresi dolan bir sertifika, web sitesinde g\u00fcvenlik uyar\u0131lar\u0131na neden olabilir ve hizmetin kesilmesine yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6zetle.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

SSL sertifikalar\u0131, modern internet g\u00fcvenli\u011finin temel ta\u015flar\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eifreleme ve kimlik do\u011frulama olmak \u00fczere iki temel i\u015flev arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla HTTPS protokol\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fcvenlik savunmas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015ftururlar. Alan ad\u0131 sahipli\u011fini do\u011frulayan DV sertifikalar\u0131ndan, \u015firket ad\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren OV sertifikalar\u0131na, ve ye\u015fil adres \u00e7ubu\u011funu tetikleyen EV sertifikalar\u0131na kadar, farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrdeki sertifikalar bireylerden \u015firketlere kadar \u00e7e\u015fitli seviyelerdeki g\u00fcvenlik ve g\u00fcven ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131larlar. Arka plandaki asimetrik ve simetrik \u015fifreleme tekniklerinin birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensiplerini anlamak, g\u00fcvenli ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc daha iyi kavramam\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. SSL sertifikalar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde ba\u015fvurmak, da\u011f\u0131tmak ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek ise her web sitesi operat\u00f6r\u00fc i\u00e7in temel bir beceridir; bu durum sadece veri g\u00fcvenli\u011fiyle ilgili de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda kullan\u0131c\u0131 deneyimini ve web sitesinin itibar\u0131n\u0131 da do\u011frudan etkiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

SSL sertifikalar\u0131 ve HTTPS aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki nedir?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

SSL sertifikas\u0131, HTTPS protokol\u00fcn\u00fcn kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereklidir. HTTPS, HTTP protokol\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fcvenli bir versiyonu olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir; buradaki \u201cS\u201d, SSL\/TLS katman\u0131n\u0131 temsil eder. Bir web sitesine ge\u00e7erli bir SSL sertifikas\u0131 y\u00fcklenip do\u011fru \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bu site HTTPS \u00fczerinden eri\u015filebilir ve verilerin \u015fifreli olarak aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dccretsiz SSL sertifikalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fccretli olanlardan ne fark\u0131 var?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u514d\u8d39\u8bc1\u4e66\u901a\u5e38\u6307Let\u2018s Encrypt\u7b49\u673a\u6784\u9881\u53d1\u7684DV\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u540c\u7b49\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u514d\u8d39\u8bc1\u4e66\u6709\u6548\u671f\u8f83\u77ed\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u7eed\u7b7e\uff0c\u4e14\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6280\u672f\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4ed8\u8d39\u8bc1\u4e66\u5219\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9bOV\u6216EV\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u6709\u6548\u671f\u3001\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u4fdd\u4fee\u8d54\u4ed8\u91d1\u989d\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u6280\u672f\u652f\u6301\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5546\u4e1a\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SSL sertifikas\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 web sitesi h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 etkiler mi?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

SSL\/TLS el s\u0131kma (handshake) i\u015flemi, ilk ba\u011flant\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda biraz daha fazla maliyet olu\u015fturur; ancak bu etki \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn TLS protokolleri ve donan\u0131m optimizasyonlar\u0131 sayesinde \u015fifreleme\/\u015fifre \u00e7\u00f6zme i\u015flemleri son derece verimlidir. Aksine, HTTPS\u2019yi etkinle\u015ftirmek bir\u00e7ok modern web performans teknolojisinin \u00f6n ko\u015fuludur ve taray\u0131c\u0131larda \u201cg\u00fcvenli de\u011fil\u201d uyar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesi nedeniyle kullan\u0131c\u0131 kayb\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nler. Genel olarak elde edilen fayda, \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan performans maliyetlerinden \u00e7ok daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir web sitesinin SSL sertifikas\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7erli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l anlayabiliriz?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Bunu, taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n adres \u00e7ubu\u011fundaki kilit simgesi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla anlayabilirsiniz. Bu kilit simgesine t\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, sertifikan\u0131n ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgilerini g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyebilirsiniz; bunlar aras\u0131nda sertifikan\u0131n verildi\u011fi kurum, ge\u00e7erlilik s\u00fcresi ve sertifikan\u0131n sahibi yer al\u0131r. E\u011fer sertifika ge\u00e7ersiz, s\u00fcresi dolmu\u015f veya alan ad\u0131yla e\u015fle\u015fmiyorsa, taray\u0131c\u0131 genellikle dikkat \u00e7ekici bir \u201cG\u00fcvenli De\u011fil\u201d uyar\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6sterir ve hatta kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n eri\u015fimini engeller.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sertifika s\u00fcresi dolduysa ne yapmal\u0131y\u0131m?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

SSL sertifikalar\u0131n\u0131n hepsinin belirli bir ge\u00e7erlilik s\u00fcresi vard\u0131r ve bu s\u00fcre genellikle bir y\u0131ld\u0131r. S\u00fcre doldu\u011funda, taray\u0131c\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131lara bir g\u00fcvenlik uyar\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6nderir ve web sitesinin g\u00fcvenli ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 i\u015flevsiz hale gelir. Web sitesi y\u00f6neticilerinin, sertifikan\u0131n s\u00fcresi dolmadan \u00f6nce orijinal CA (Certificate Authority \u2013 Sertifika Yetkilisi) kurulu\u015fu veya yeni bir hizmet sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yenileme, yeniden do\u011frulama ve yeniden sertifika olu\u015fturma i\u015flemlerini tamamlamalar\u0131 ve yeni sertifikay\u0131 sunucuya y\u00fckleyerek eski sertifikay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeleri gerekir. Takvim hat\u0131rlatmalar\u0131 ayarlamak veya otomatik yenilemeyi destekleyen sertifika hizmetleri kullanmak \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

SSL sertifikas\u0131, HTTPS protokol\u00fcn\u00fc etkinle\u015ftirmek ve web sitesi veri aktar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan temel dijital sertifikalard\u0131r. Bu makalede, asimetrik ve simetrik \u015fifreleme tekniklerinin birlikte kullan\u0131larak g\u00fcvenli bir ba\u011flant\u0131 kurulma s\u00fcreci ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, farkl\u0131 do\u011frulama seviyelerine sahip sertifika t\u00fcrleri kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmakta ve son olarak ba\u015fvuru ile da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m s\u00fcre\u00e7leri i\u00e7in pratik rehberler sunulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[326,11,684,449,319],"knowledge_category":[277],"class_list":["post-12358122","knowledge_post","type-knowledge_post","status-publish","hentry","tag-https-guide","tag-ssl-certificate","tag-tls","tag-encryption","tag-website-security","knowledge_category-ssl-certificate"],"acf":{"site_seo_keywords":"SSL\u8bc1\u4e66,HTTPS\u52a0\u5bc6,SSL\/TLS\u63e1\u624b,\u8bc1\u4e66\u7c7b\u578b,\u7533\u8bf7\u90e8\u7f72,\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66\u539f\u7406,\u7f51\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\u8bc1\u4e66,SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12358122","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledge_post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12358122\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12358122"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12358122"},{"taxonomy":"knowledge_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_category?post=12358122"}],"curies":[{"name":"WP","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}