{"id":12369123,"date":"2026-03-14T21:36:36","date_gmt":"2026-03-14T13:36:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/knowledge\/%e4%ba%91%e4%b8%bb%e6%9c%ba%e5%85%a8%e5%a5%97%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%ef%bc%9a%e9%80%89%e5%9e%8b%e3%80%81%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e3%80%81%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98\/"},"modified":"2026-06-03T22:39:36","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T14:39:36","slug":"cloud-hosting-complete-guide-selection-configuration-optimization-security","status":"publish","type":"knowledge_post","link":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/knowledge\/cloud-hosting\/cloud-hosting-complete-guide-selection-configuration-optimization-security\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y: L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1eabu, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh an ninh"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng linh ho\u1ea1t, gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed mua s\u1eafm, tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, tri\u1ec3n khai, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an ninh, nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1m m<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y: L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh thanh to\u00e1n, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: CPU, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean CPU (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n khoa h\u1ecdc, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a video), n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o lo\u1ea1i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 xung nh\u1ecbp cao ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f5i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb), c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00f5i cao h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, c\u1ea7n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa \u1ed5 SSD c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng I\/O v\u00e0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed5 SSD c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 th\u1ea5p, trong khi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Web th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh (instance specification families) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u00ednh ph\u00ed (billing modes)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c instance th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u \u201cnh\u00f3m th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt\u201d kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng, lo\u1ea1i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, lo\u1ea1i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, lo\u1ea1i d\u00e0nh cho x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn, lo\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GPU, v.v. M\u1ed7i nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c instance s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GPU \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI) v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda. Khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn instance, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng gi\u1eefa
\nCh\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 thanh to\u00e1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 thanh to\u00e1n theo g\u00f3i h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 thanh to\u00e1n theo l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng mang l\u1ea1i t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t cao nh\u1ea5t, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. C\u00e1c instance theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 (instant bidding) c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu h\u1ed3i, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 x<\/p>\n\n\r\n

\r\n \r\n
\r\n \r\n M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y SurferCloud <\/strong>\r\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c thanh to\u00e1n theo l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5; b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i. D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng 24\/7\/365, v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 17 trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cam k\u1ebft m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 (SLA) l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 99,95<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n \r\n \"Bi\u1ec3u\r\n \r\n <\/a>\r\n \r\n \r\n Truy c\u1eadp trang <\/a>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Xem x\u00e9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c\/v\u00f9ng kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng m\u1ea1ng bao g\u1ed3m b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. N\u1ebfu \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u truy c\u1eadp internet v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 cao, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c instance h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7t instance, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng; h\u00e3y \u0111\u1eb7t instance \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c g\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng cao, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tri\u1ec3n khai d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau (availability zones) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 do l\u1ed7i \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn con s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t: Tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ban \u0111\u1ea7u cho c\u00e1c instance (c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3), nh\u1eb1m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Khi t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t instance, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh Linux ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 CentOS, Ubuntu v\u00e0 Windows Server l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m b\u1ea1n. Nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt (security group) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda \u1ea3o tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Khi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, h\u00e3y tu\u00e2n theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u201cc\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u\u201d: ch\u1ec9 m\u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u1ed5ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n c\u1ed5ng 80\/443 cho d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 web, c\u1ed5ng 22 cho qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd SSH), \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ngu\u1ed3n \u2013 ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c IP thu\u1ed9c c\u00f4ng ty truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f3a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi instance \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m: c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (system patches), t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i root c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n sudo, v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f3a SSH. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f3a l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng; kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0 (private key) c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef an to\u00e0n tr\u00ean m\u00e1y c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i l\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 hay kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n (code repository). \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp (bastion host) \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i SSH c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn instance.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y: T\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u0129a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh; d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u0129a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Sau khi t\u1ea1o \u0111\u0129a l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y (cloud disk), b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n g\u1eafn n\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u00e1y \u1ea3o (instance), sau \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1eafn \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u00e3y c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web (Nginx\/Apache), m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh (Java\/Python\/Node.js), v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh (nh\u01b0 Ansible) ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh (images) t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng: Khai th\u00e1c h\u1ebft ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0m cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7; b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1 th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng (conservative), v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh cho c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cao (high concurrency) ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra (I\/O) l\u1edbn. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m: \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a g\u00f3i protocol TCP \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eednet.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog<\/code>, net.core.somaxconn<\/code>) Thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn file descriptor \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh m\u1edf file, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng file descriptor c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n; t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u1ea3o (v\u00ed d\u1ee5:vm.swappiness<\/code>Nh\u1eefng t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec7m (swap partition). C\u00e1c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (instance specifications) v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea3i (load type) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n

\r\n\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\r\n\t
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\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"SurferCloud\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\tSurferCloud <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t \r\n\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 40% cho Ng\u00e0y Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u \u0110en<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTruy c\u1eadp SurferCloud \u2192<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\r\n\t
\r\n\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\u0110\u00e1m\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\u0110\u00e1m m\u00e2y Cloudways <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t \r\n\t\t\t
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D\u00f9ng th\u1eed mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed trong 3 ng\u00e0y<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTruy c\u1eadp Cloudways \u2192<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 I\/O m\u1ea1ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng I\/O cao, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh l\u01b0u tr\u1eef l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t. H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a SSD \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y), v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ec7p (file system barrier) c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ghi nh\u1eadt k\u00fd (logging modes) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng. Tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1ed9 l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch I\/O (I\/O scheduler) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7ncfq<\/code>\u0110\u1ed5i th\u00e0nhdeadline<\/code>\u6216noop<\/code>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ed5 SSD (Solid State Drive), \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ec7m (cache) v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadt k\u00fd (log writing) ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.
\nT\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a m\u1ea1ng bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb MTU ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn TCP BBR \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i, v\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 do nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y cung c\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t VPC (Virtual Private Cloud).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1edbp \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, t\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c cho c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec7m \u0111a c\u1ea5p (nh\u01b0 Redis). \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. Tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, n\u00ean t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 CPU, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a, m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y. C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o h\u1ee3p l\u00fd (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CPU li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 80%) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1eadt k\u00fd \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 APM (Application Performance Management), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e1ch s\u1eaft: Th\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

An ninh l\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111a c\u1ea5p, di\u1ec5n ra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn mua v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y: T\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c danh t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a SSH, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n b\u1eadt ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 (Multi-Factor Authentication \u2013 MFA) cho c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o console qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u00f3m, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp (Identity and Access Management \u2013 IAM) c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t cho t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch quy\u1ec1n. H\u00e3y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f3a truy c\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng bao g\u1ed3m: t\u1eaft c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft; c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp (nh\u01b0 AIDE) \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng; tri\u1ec3n khai ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an ninh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (nh\u01b0 Trung t\u00e2m B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0110\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u2013 Cloud Security Center), cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, qu\u00e9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng, ki\u1ec3m tra c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng, theo d\u00f5i c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1cyum\/apt<\/code>C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u0169 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c n\u1eefa (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 CentOS 7), c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i (migrate) sang c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n\n
\n VPS \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y HostArmada<\/strong>\n
\u1ed4 SSD\/NVMe \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y + t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp, gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 50% cho kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 24\/7\/365 v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp ROOT ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n
\n \n \n \"Logo\n \n \n <\/a>\n \n \n Truy c\u1eadp HostArmada <\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n

M\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ly m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

An ninh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m c\u1ea3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u01b0u tr\u1eef (t\u0129nh) l\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef; b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a \u1edf t\u1ea7ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. \u1ede c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng VPC (Virtual Private Cloud) \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4 l\u1eadp logic, tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Web v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng con kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng con th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt (security groups) v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc truy c\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng (network ACLs). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang, n\u00ean tri\u1ec3n khai t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Web (Web Application Firewall \u2013 WAF) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Web ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 SQL injection v\u00e0 cross-site scripting (XSS), \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL\/TLS cho c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u truy c\u1eadp qua giao th\u1ee9c HTTPS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o n\u00fat \u201cT\u1ea1o m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7\u201d (Create Instance). \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc gi\u00fap \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chi ph\u00ed; c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn gi\u00fap x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng; vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u00fap khai th\u00e1c t\u1ed1i \u0111a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m d\u1ebbo c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y; c\u00f2n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u201c\u00e1o gi\u00e1p\u201d b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u1eafm v\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb \u201ckh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o\u201d \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cph\u00e1t<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FAQ \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y (Cloud Server) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng instance \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea3o h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t (kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o, h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o, theo nhu c\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u2013 v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed mua s\u1eafm c\u1ed1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y (cloud host) n\u00e0o v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3), \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t m\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CPU, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, I\/O \u0111\u0129a v\u00e0 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cao nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1edbi, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh th\u1ea5p, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u1eeb n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t lo\u1ea1i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh do nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u201cNh\u00f3m B\u1ea3o M\u1eadt\u201d (Security Group) c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt (Security Group) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda \u1ea3o ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u1ecdc l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o v\u00e0 ra \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 instance (m\u00e1y \u1ea3o). C\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 instance n\u00e0o. Nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y; c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u01a1n tru v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y kh\u00e1c (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 load balancing). Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 bi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng t\u1eadp trung, v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 v\u1ecb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o \u201cM\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c brute-force\u201d, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra ngay xem c\u00f3 IP n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, h\u00e3y ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c c\u00f4 l\u1eadp m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n m\u1ecdi truy c\u1eadp t\u1eeb m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng) v\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0 SSH ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf cho nh\u1eefng IP \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady; k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u. N\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc vi\u1ec7c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c brute-force tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n sao l\u01b0u th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00fang?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c chi ti\u00eau v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch bao g\u1ed3m: L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh instance qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean; Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi c\u00e1c instance kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m; Qu\u00ean t\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c instance s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh thanh to\u00e1n theo l\u01b0\u1ee3ng; C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 cao ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gia
\nC\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t chi ph\u00ed bao g\u1ed3m: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n; D\u00e0nh ri\u00eang c\u00e1c instance cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed l\u00e2u d\u00e0i; S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c instance lo\u1ea1i \u201cpreemptive\u201d (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u00ea ngay khi c\u1ea7n) cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng; Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch; X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng thu h\u1ed3i t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean khi ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y. N\u1ed9i dung bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 CPU, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra m\u1ea1ng (I\/O). M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 gi\u00fap ng<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[39,311,288,289,301],"knowledge_category":[274],"class_list":["post-12369123","knowledge_post","type-knowledge_post","status-publish","hentry","tag-cloud-hosting","tag-cloud-security","tag-cloud-computing","tag-performance-optimization","tag-server-configuration","knowledge_category-cloud-hosting"],"acf":{"site_seo_keywords":"\u4e91\u4e3b\u673a,\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9009\u578b,\u914d\u7f6e\u90e8\u7f72,\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316,\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4,\u5b9e\u4f8b\u89c4\u683c,\u8ba1\u8d39\u6a21\u5f0f,\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12369123","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledge_post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12369123\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12404584,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12369123\/revisions\/12404584"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12369123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12369123"},{"taxonomy":"knowledge_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_category?post=12369123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}