{"id":12369128,"date":"2026-03-14T21:40:59","date_gmt":"2026-03-14T13:40:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/knowledge\/%e6%8e%a2%e7%b4%a2-wordpress-%e4%b8%bb%e9%a2%98%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e5%88%b0%e7%b2%be%e9%80%9a%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97\/"},"modified":"2026-06-04T07:05:39","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T23:05:39","slug":"wordpress-theme-development-complete-guide-beginner-to-advanced-12369128","status":"publish","type":"knowledge_post","link":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/knowledge\/wordpress\/wordpress-theme-development-complete-guide-beginner-to-advanced-12369128\/","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n t\u1eeb nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ebfn tinh th\u00f4ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) cho WordPress l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng trang web m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn giao di\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o gi\u1eefa ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 chuy<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p n\u1eb1m trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c `wp-content\/themes\/`.\/wp-content\/themes\/<\/code>C\u00e1c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c trong danh m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t t\u1ec7p tin tu\u00e2n theo nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a trang web.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a giao di\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed7i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m hai t\u1ec7p tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:style.css<\/code>\u548cindex.php<\/code>\u3002style.css<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu (style sheet) m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00fa \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ec7p (file header), trong \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m metadata v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme). Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 trong giao di\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a WordPress. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theme WordPress: Kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

\/*\nTheme Name: My Awesome Theme\nTheme URI: https:\/\/example.com\/my-awesome-theme\nAuthor: Your Name\nAuthor URI: https:\/\/example.com\nDescription: A custom WordPress theme built for performance and flexibility.\nVersion: 1.0.0\nLicense: GPL v2 or later\nText Domain: my-awesome-theme\n*\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
index.php<\/code>T\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme). Khi WordPress kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ec7p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb trang web. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu trong ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\r\n
\r\n     \r\n  
\r\n    \r\n      UltaHost \u2013 Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 WordPress chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p    <\/strong>\r\n    
B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ho\u00e0n ti\u1ec1n trong 30 ng\u00e0y, b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, mua 3 n\u0103m \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i 50%<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Hi\u1ec3u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (templates)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (Template Hierarchy) c\u1ee7a WordPress l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. N\u00f3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean lo\u1ea1i trang \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy c\u1eadp (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trang ch\u1ee7, trang b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, trang danh m\u1ee5c). V\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean blog, WordPress s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 sau:single-post-{slug}.php<\/code> > single-post-{id}.php<\/code> > single-post.php<\/code> > single.php<\/code> > singular.php<\/code>\uff0ccu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u1edbi quay v\u1ec1index.php<\/code>Vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3; n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i dung kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (Theme Core Features Development)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu trang t\u0129nh. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a WordPress nh\u01b0 menu, ti\u1ec7n \u00edch (widgets) v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt cho b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 menu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Trong t\u1eadp tinfunctions.php<\/code>Trong t\u1ec7p tin, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (You can use\u2026)add_theme_support()<\/code>C\u00e1c h\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 khai b\u00e1o nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 Logo t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function my_theme_setup() {\n    \/\/ \u542f\u7528\u6587\u7ae0\u548c\u9875\u9762\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u7279\u8272\u56fe\u50cf\u201d\u529f\u80fd\n    add_theme_support('post-thumbnails');\n\n\/\/ \u542f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49Logo\u529f\u80fd\n    add_theme_support('custom-logo', array(\n        'height'      => 100,\n        'width'       => 400,\n        'flex-height' => true,\n        'flex-width'  => true,\n    ));\n\n\/\/ \u6ce8\u518c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u83dc\u5355\u4f4d\u7f6e\n    register_nav_menus(array(\n        'primary' => __('Primary Menu', 'my-awesome-theme'),\n    ));\n}\nadd_action('after_setup_theme', 'my_theme_setup');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u0110o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng quaafter_setup_theme<\/code>C\u00e1c hook \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi khi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o (initialized). Sau khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c v\u00e0o menu, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template files), ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0\u2026header.php<\/code>\uff09s\u1eed d\u1ee5ngwp_nav_menu()<\/code>h\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u00f3.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam N\u1eafm v\u1eefng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf (Widgets Area)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf (Sidebar) cho ph\u00e9p qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean trang web th\u00eam c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i dung m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch dinh h\u1ed3ng (nh\u01b0 danh s\u00e1ch b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, \u00f4 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm) t\u1eeb giao di\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb.functions.php<\/code>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf (small tools) trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function my_theme_widgets_init() {\n    register_sidebar(array(\n        'name'          =&gt; __('Blog Sidebar', 'my-awesome-theme'),\n        'id'            =&gt; 'sidebar-blog',\n        'description'   =&gt; __('Add widgets here to appear in your blog sidebar.', 'my-awesome-theme'),\n        'before_widget' =&gt; '<section id="%1$s" class="widget %2$s">',\n        'after_widget'  =&gt; '<\/section>',\n        'before_title'  =&gt; '<h3 class="widget-title">',\n        'after_title'   =&gt; '<\/h3>',\n    ));\n}\nadd_action('widgets_init', 'my_theme_widgets_init');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Sau \u0111\u00f3, trong t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (v\u00ed d\u1ee5:sidebar.php<\/code>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi trong (\u2026)dynamic_sidebar('sidebar-blog')<\/code>\u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (Theme Template File)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template files) l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i t\u1ea1o n\u00ean giao di\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c quan (visual appearance) c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme). B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n chia v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n lu\u00f4n g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\r\n
\r\n     \r\n  
\r\n    \r\n      Hosting.com - l\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb    <\/strong>\r\n    
Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb CPU AMD EPYC, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef SSD NVMe v\u00e0 LiteSpeed, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u00ean gia n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 24 gi\u1edd\/ng\u00e0y, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m SSL, ch\u1ed1ng brute force, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u1edbi 73%.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c m\u1eabu ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 (header) v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n trang (footer)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch m\u00e3 cho ph\u1ea7n ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 (header) v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ch\u00e2n trang (footer) th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.header.php<\/code>C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u (document type declaration).<\/code>C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a trang web (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Logo v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh).header.php<\/code>Trong \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u2026wp_head()<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c plugin v\u00e0 theme th\u00eam v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u trang (header) nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 CSS v\u00e0 JS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
footer.php<\/code>T\u1ec7p tin ch\u1ee9a n\u1ed9i dung chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u1edf ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i trang web (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c.wp_footer()<\/code>Function call: The purpose of this function is to\u2026wp_head()<\/code>T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2n trang (footer).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong c\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin m\u1eabu kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ngget_header()<\/code>\u548cget_footer()<\/code>Ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang v\u00e0o (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh).<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
L\u1eb7p v\u00f2ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t ra n\u1ed9i dung<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u201cThe Loop\u201d l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i m\u00e0 WordPress s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft t\u1eeb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 PHP ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c file m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a WordPress.index.php<\/code>\u3001single.php<\/code>\u6216archive.php<\/code>Trong c\u00e1c m\u1eabu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1eb7p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<?php if ( have_posts() ) : while ( have_posts() ) : the_post(); ?>\n\n<article id="post-<?php the_ID(); ?>" no numeric noise key 1006>\n        <h2><a href="\/vi\/<\/?php the_permalink(); ?>"><?php the_title(); ?><\/a><\/h2>\n        <div class="entry-content">\n            <?php the_content(); ?>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/article>\n\n<?php endwhile; else : ?>\n    <p><?php _e(‘Sorry, no posts matched your criteria.’, ‘my-awesome-theme’); ?><\/p>\n<?php endif; ?><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
B\u00ean trong v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t th\u1ebb m\u1eabu (Template Tags) \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0:the_title()<\/code>\u3001the_content()<\/code>\u3001the_permalink()<\/code>\u548cthe_post_thumbnail()<\/code>h\u00e0mpost_class()<\/code>N\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c l\u1edbp CSS d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean lo\u1ea1i b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\r\n
\r\n     \r\n  
\r\n    \r\n      M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a InterServer    <\/strong>\r\n    
L\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed $2,50 USD m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng, gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 $0,1 USD trong th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, m\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tryinterserver, v\u1edbi 461 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e2ng cao<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Sau khi n\u1eafm v\u1eefng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme), gi\u00fap n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00edch h\u1ee3p API c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh (Customizer API)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
WordPress Customizer cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, ph\u00f4ng ch\u1eef). B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng API c\u1ee7a Customizer, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp kh\u00e1c nhau cho ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u00eam t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn v\u0103n b\u1ea3n cho ph\u1ea7n ch\u00e2n trang (footer):<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function my_theme_customize_register($wp_customize) {\n    \/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9879\n    $wp_customize->add_setting('footer_text', array(\n        'default'           => \u2018\u00a9 2026 My Site\u2019,\n        'sanitize_callback\u2019 => 'sanitize_text_field',\n        'transport\u2019         => \u2018postMessage\u2019, \/\/ \u652f\u6301\u5b9e\u65f6\u9884\u89c8\n    ));\n\n\/\/ \u4e3a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9879\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u4ef6\uff08\u8f93\u5165\u6846\uff09\n    $wp_customize->add_control('footer_text', array(\n        'label'    => __('Footer Copyright Text', \u2018my-awesome-theme\u2019),\n        'section'  => \u2018title_tagline\u2019, \/\/ \u653e\u5165\u201c\u7ad9\u70b9\u8eab\u4efd\u201d\u533a\u57df\n        'type'     => \u2018text\u2019,\n    ));\n}\nadd_action('customize_register', \u2018my_theme_customize_register\u2019);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728footer.php<\/code>b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ngget_theme_mod(\u2018footer_text\u2019)<\/code>\u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con (subtopics) v\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n (code) m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con (Child Theme) l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n. T\u1ea1o ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec trang web, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ghi \u0111\u00e8 khi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 g\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9tstyle.css<\/code>T\u1ec7p tin, v\u00e0 trong ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p tin (header), th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t qua\u2026Template:<\/code>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ean th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 cha (parent topic).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb n\u00ean chia c\u00e1c h\u00e0m t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un theo ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.\/inc<\/code>Trong c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p PHP kh\u00e1c nhau trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c, sau \u0111\u00f3\u2026functions.php<\/code>h\u00e3y t\u1ea3i b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch th\u00f4ng qua h\u00e0mrequire_once<\/code>H\u00e3y t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean JavaScript v\u00e0 CSS ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t nhau.\/js<\/code>\u548c\/css<\/code>N\u1eb1m trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3.wp_enqueue_script()<\/code>\u548cwp_enqueue_style()<\/code>C\u00e1c h\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u00e0 x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 quy tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) cho WordPress l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ea7n \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng (function registration), x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (template construction), v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh n\u00e2ng cao c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t (performance optimization). Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a WordPress, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (template hierarchy), \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p (loops) v\u00e0 thfunctions.php<\/code>Th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u201csub-theme\u201d (ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con) nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u1ef1c quan v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba \u0111\u1eb9p m\u1eaft v\u1eeba m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
FAQ \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n WordPress Theme b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t theme WordPress ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 sau: PHP, HTML, CSS, v\u00e0 JavaScript. PHP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd logic \u1edf ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a WordPress; HTML ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac trang web; CSS ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c trang; c\u00f2n JavaScript th\u00ec gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 d\u1ecbch \u0111a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef (i18n \u2013 Internationalization) c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1. Trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0m d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a WordPress \u0111\u1ec3 bao b\u1ecdc t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i v\u0103n b\u1ea3n nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:__(\u2018Text\u2019, \u2018text-domain\u2019)<\/code>\u6216_e(\u2018Text\u2019, \u2018text-domain\u2019)<\/code>V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3\u2026text-domain<\/code>H\u00e3y thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n duy nh\u1ea5t (th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng t\u00ean v\u1edbi th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9a n\u1ed9i dung ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1). Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Poedit \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft..pot<\/code>T\u1ec7p tin d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ea7n d\u1ecbch..po<\/code>\u548c.mo<\/code>t\u1ec7p d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa t\u1ec7p functions.php c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) v\u00e0 plugin l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
functions.php<\/code>C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin (files) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme), v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n trong c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eefa. C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a trang web (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, ki\u1ec3u ch\u1eef, b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c trang). Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c plugin (plugins) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng chung, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o. M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n giao di\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a trang web, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 v\u00e0o t\u1ec7p tin thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1; c\u00f2n n\u1ebfu t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng chung cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 trang web (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu li\u00ean h\u1ec7, t\u1ed1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u CSS t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra do \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u (specificity) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc CSS (CSS selectors) kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 cao, ho\u1eb7c do c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc st\u00edl sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ghi \u0111\u00e8 l\u00ean c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc st\u00edl \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t (b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5n F12) \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, xem nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc st\u00edl n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0o b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme stylesheet) c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc trong b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cao \u0111\u1ee7 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ID ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n). Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng st\u00edl; nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i sau s\u1ebd ghi \u0111\u00e8 l\u00ean c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) cho WordPress. N\u1ed9i dung bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (templates), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 menu v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 (widgets) th\u00f4ng qua t\u1ec7p functions.php. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eafm v\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[2358,638,436,2149,2451],"knowledge_category":[280],"class_list":["post-12369128","knowledge_post","type-knowledge_post","status-publish","hentry","tag-wordpress","tag-wordpress-theme-development","tag-wordpress-tutorial","tag-theme-development-guide","tag-2451","knowledge_category-wordpress"],"acf":{"site_seo_keywords":"WordPress\u4e3b\u9898\u5f00\u53d1,\u4e3b\u9898\u5f00\u53d1\u6307\u5357,WordPress\u6a21\u677f,\u4e3b\u9898\u67b6\u6784,functions.php,\u6a21\u677f\u5c42\u7ea7,\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49WordPress\u4e3b\u9898,\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u7cbe\u901a"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12369128","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledge_post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12369128\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12405440,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12369128\/revisions\/12405440"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12369128"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12369128"},{"taxonomy":"knowledge_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_category?post=12369128"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}