{"id":12370747,"date":"2026-03-15T15:58:18","date_gmt":"2026-03-15T07:58:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/knowledge\/%e5%85%a8%e9%9d%a2%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90%e4%ba%91%e4%b8%bb%e6%9c%ba%ef%bc%9a%e9%80%89%e6%8b%a9%e3%80%81%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e4%b8%8e%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96%e5%85%a8%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5\/"},"modified":"2026-06-03T21:17:35","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T13:17:35","slug":"cloud-hosting-complete-guide-selection-configuration-optimization-2026","status":"publish","type":"knowledge_post","link":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/knowledge\/cloud-hosting\/cloud-hosting-complete-guide-selection-configuration-optimization-2026\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y: C\u1ea9m nang to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1edd c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y t\u1eadp trung c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau, sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i mua ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd; h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ea3o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb xa th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ea1ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 chi ph\u00ed CNTT v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh nhanh nh\u1eb9n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t. Nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng nhau t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ee9c c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u01b0u tr\u1eef truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ednh \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c thu h\u1eb9p quy m\u00f4 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t (elastic scaling). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean nh\u01b0 CPU, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, \u0111\u0129a v\u00e0 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i ph\u00fat, t\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ef1c time c\u1ee7a t\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c trang web th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp cao trong th\u1eddi gian khuy\u1ebfn m\u00e3i, v\u00e0 sau khi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u1eb9p quy m\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh thanh to\u00e1n theo nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh Cloud Server: T\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn chi ti\u1ebft<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chi ti\u00eau v\u1ed1n sang m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chi ti\u00eau v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn v\u1ed1n ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 mua ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ph\u00ed cho kh\u00f4ng gian ph\u00f2ng m\u00e1y, \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec chuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c thanh to\u00e1n kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0 thanh to\u00e1n theo th\u00e1ng, thanh to\u00e1n theo l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 theo nhu c\u1ea7u (instant instances), gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p d\u1ef1a<\/p>\n\n\r\n

\r\n \r\n
\r\n \r\n M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y SurferCloud <\/strong>\r\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c thanh to\u00e1n theo l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5; b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i. D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng 24\/7\/365, v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 17 trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cam k\u1ebft m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 (SLA) l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 99,95<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n \r\n \"Bi\u1ec3u\r\n \r\n <\/a>\r\n \r\n \r\n Truy c\u1eadp trang <\/a>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng (availability zones \u2013 AZ) tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, m\u1ed7i khu v\u1ef1c s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y n\u1eb1m \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u00ednh d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng. Khi m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. C\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (service level agreements \u2013 SLAs) th\u01b0\u1eddng cam k\u1ebft m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao h\u01a1n 9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Khi \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng, c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1i CPU, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 IOPS v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (throughput) c\u1ee7a \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng, bao g\u1ed3m b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh khi truy c\u1eadp t\u1eeb c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau, r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua. Ngo\u00e0i ra, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng ph<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi mua th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy t\u1ed1i \u0111a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ban \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n, m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh chi ti\u1ebft d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y \u1ea3o (instance specifications) v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh (image)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u1ea3o (instance specifications) x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y. Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng (general-purpose) ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Web quy m\u00f4 v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf; phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00ednh to\u00e1n (compute-optimized) th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a khoa h\u1ecdc; phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb (memory-optimized) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m; c\u00f2n phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n d\u00e0nh cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn (big data) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. Khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n Linux ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 Windows Server l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb n\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, ho\u1eb7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh nguy\u00ean<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn To\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0110\u00e1m m\u00e2y: T\u1eeb Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ebfn Tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

L\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng, dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed. \u0110\u0129a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a m\u00e2y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u0129a SSD m\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nhanh ch\u00f3ng. \u0110\u0129a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u00f9y theo nhu c\u1ea7u: \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cao v\u1ec1 I\/O, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSD c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u0129a m\u00e2y hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u1ea7n dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (object storage) c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ea1ng, c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh IP n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o giao ti\u1ebfp nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c; IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng linh ho\u1ea1t (EIP) gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ngo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9. Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an ninh m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n theo nguy\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb xa m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng root, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n sudo. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1eb7p kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3. C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda, ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy c\u1eadp. B\u1eadt ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n nh\u1eadt k\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao th\u00eam hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, m\u1ea1<\/p>\n\n

\r\n\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\r\n\t
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"SurferCloud\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tSurferCloud <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 40% cho Ng\u00e0y Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u \u0110en<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTruy c\u1eadp SurferCloud \u2192<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\r\n\t
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\u0110\u00e1m\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\u0110\u00e1m m\u00e2y Cloudways <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t \r\n\t\t\t
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D\u00f9ng th\u1eed mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed trong 3 ng\u00e0y<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTruy c\u1eadp Cloudways \u2192<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u00ednh to\u00e1n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Theo d\u00f5i t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CPU l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. N\u1ebfu t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c 70\u2013100%, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh instance ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi CPU \u0111a nh\u00e2n, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi (concurrent processing) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n CPU. V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kernel v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng gian swap nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean m\u00e1y \u1ea3o (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n Java), vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb heap m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi (I\/O) tr\u00ean \u0111\u0129a th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 khi g\u1eafn (mount) h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qu\u00e1 cao, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee5noatime<\/code>\u3001nodiratime<\/code>C\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thao t\u00e1c ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p nh\u1eadt k\u00fd (log files) v\u00e0 t\u1ec7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (data files) ra c\u00e1c \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi (I\/O). Vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p nh\u1eadt k\u00fd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 m\u1ea1ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i dung (Content Delivery Network \u2013 CDN) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u0129nh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c node g\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy c\u1eadp. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a chi ph\u00ed, c\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (Auto Scaling Groups) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng instance theo c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp s\u1eb5n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng instance lo\u1ea1i \u201cpreemptive\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 70\u2013100%. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 d\u00e0nh cho instance c\u0169ng mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c chi\u1ebft kh\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ea3o: T\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ec9 khi \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 cloud ri\u00eang l\u1ebb v\u00e0o b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. M\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ef1 \u0111<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 do m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m duy nh\u1ea5t (single point of failure) l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i (stateless application servers) trong nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 (availability zones), v\u00e0 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc (frontend) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u1ea3i (load balancer) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (database) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac sao ch\u00e9p ch\u1ee7-t\u1eeb (master-slave replication): m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c s\u1eb5n c\u00f3, trong khi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n sao ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, nh\u1eb1m t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i khi x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u<\/p>\n\n\n

\n\n
\n VPS \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y HostArmada<\/strong>\n
\u1ed4 SSD\/NVMe \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y + t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp, gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 50% cho kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 24\/7\/365 v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp ROOT ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n
\n \n \n \"Logo\n \n \n <\/a>\n \n \n Truy c\u1eadp HostArmada <\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n

T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t (Automation Operations and Monitoring)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u201cInfrastructure as Code\u201d (IAC) l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Terraform \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 (declarative configurations) cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, sao ch\u00e9p, ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cloud m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t thao t\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 Ansible v\u00e0 Puppet \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 cloud. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n gi\u00fap thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 cloud, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n tr\u1ef1c quan (visual dashboards) gi\u00fap nhanh ch\u00f3ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c sao l\u01b0u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c sao l\u01b0u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1o b\u1ea3n sao l\u01b0u (snapshot) cho \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng; c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau (kh\u00e1c v\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o b\u1ea3n sao l\u01b0u, c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng sao l\u01b0u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng log nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n (binary logs) \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 khi th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda chi ti\u1ebft, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ea3o. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t, chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao c\u1ee7a n\u00f3; l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p; th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng; v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nhanh. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o n\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd to\u00e0n v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (full lifecycle management) c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y (cloud host) c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 nhanh nh\u1eb9n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, theo k\u1ecbp nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7t nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c m<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FAQ \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ### (m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y) v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ri\u00eang \u1ea3o (Virtual Private Server \u2013 VPS) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y (cloud host) l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 VPS (Virtual Private Server) v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y (cloud computing). C\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 VPS truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c \u1ea3o h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd duy nh\u1ea5t; do \u0111\u00f3, ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c di chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 VPS kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00e1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (scaling) linh ho\u1ea1t trong v\u00e0i ph\u00fat, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n bao nhi\u00eau m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 cloud \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 2 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 4GB b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi theo d\u00f5i s\u00e1t sao m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CPU, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, I\/O \u0111\u0129a v\u00e0 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o; khi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 70%, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1edbi, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

An to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m chung c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u1ea3o h\u00f3a. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n b\u00ean trong m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, bao g\u1ed3m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u khi truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt (security groups), quy t\u1eafc truy c\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng (network ACL), t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y (cloud firewall) v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (host security) do n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi g\u1eb7p t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o trong, t\u1eeb t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn chi ti\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y (cloud monitoring dashboard) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem CPU, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a v\u00e0 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng (nh\u01b0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i). Ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u00e3y \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2ytop<\/code>\u3001iostat<\/code>\u3001netstat<\/code>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 `top`, `ps`, `vmstat`, `iostat` \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh (process level) v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra (I\/O) c\u1ee7a \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi nh\u1eadt k\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (system logs) v\u00e0 nh\u1eadt k\u00fd \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng (application logs) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u00f4ng tin l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web, c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi nh\u1eadt k\u00fd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n ch\u1eadm trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (database logs), v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, bao g\u1ed3m t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t, chi ph\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao (high availability), \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ngu<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[39,288,2356,74,301],"knowledge_category":[274],"class_list":["post-12370747","knowledge_post","type-knowledge_post","status-publish","hentry","tag-cloud-hosting","tag-cloud-computing","tag-infrastructure","tag-cost-optimization","tag-server-configuration","knowledge_category-cloud-hosting"],"acf":{"site_seo_keywords":"\u4e91\u4e3b\u673a,\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e,\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f18\u5316,\u5f39\u6027\u4f38\u7f29,\u6210\u672c\u6548\u76ca,\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027,\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565,\u4e91\u4e3b\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u6307\u5357"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12370747","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledge_post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12370747\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12404291,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12370747\/revisions\/12404291"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12370747"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12370747"},{"taxonomy":"knowledge_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_category?post=12370747"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}