{"id":12372618,"date":"2026-03-16T16:26:52","date_gmt":"2026-03-16T08:26:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/knowledge\/wordpress%e4%b8%bb%e9%a2%98%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e9%9b%b6%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e9%ab%98%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e7%bd%91%e7%ab%99\/"},"modified":"2026-06-04T12:45:47","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T04:45:47","slug":"wordpress-theme-development-guide-build-high-performance-website","status":"publish","type":"knowledge_post","link":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/knowledge\/wordpress\/wordpress-theme-development-guide-build-high-performance-website\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n giao di\u1ec7n WordPress: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng website hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 0"},"content":{"rendered":"

Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (themes) cho WordPress, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (local development environment) \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh khi thao t\u00e1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khuy\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 XAMPP, MAMP ho\u1eb7c Local by Flywheel \u2013 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t PHP, MySQL v\u00e0 Apache\/Nginx ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n PHP c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n 7.4 tr\u1edf l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) trong WordPress l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai t\u1ec7p tin:style.css<\/code>\u548cindex.php<\/code>\u3002style.css<\/code>Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng (stylesheet), m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201ch\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1\u201d (theme manual). Kh\u1ed1i ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 cho WordPress, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\/*\nTheme Name: My Custom Theme\nAuthor: Your Name\nDescription: A high-performance custom theme.\nVersion: 1.0.0\n*\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p tin quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0\u2026index.php<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1eabu m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1; n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi WordPress kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (template hierarchy), v\u00ec n\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch WordPress l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i trang web. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:single.php<\/code>D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft duy nh\u1ea5t.page.php<\/code>D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c trang web \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.front-page.php<\/code>V\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao h\u01a1n khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m trang ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a trang web.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng website t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1eabu ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template files). Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac HTML r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho m\u1ecdi trang web hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\r\n
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\r\n    \r\n      UltaHost \u2013 Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 WordPress chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p    <\/strong>\r\n    
B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ho\u00e0n ti\u1ec1n trong 30 ng\u00e0y, b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, mua 3 n\u0103m \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i 50%<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea1o c\u00e1c m\u1eabu cho ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u (header) v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i (footer) c\u1ee7a trang web.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea1oheader.php<\/code>File: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ec7p ch\u1ee9a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u (header) c\u1ee7a trang web.<!DOCTYPE html><\/code>Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1,<head><\/code>Khu v\u1ef1c (bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1, b\u1ed9 k\u00fd t\u1ef1, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 xem, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng v\u00e0 script \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o) c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi\u2026<body><\/code>Th\u1ebb v\u00e0 B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh. H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang.wp_head()<\/code>C\u00e1c h\u00e0m l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft; ch\u00fang cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c plugin v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a WordPress ch\u00e8n nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u00e3y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra (create).footer.php<\/code>T\u1ec7p n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a n\u1ed9i dung \u1edf ph\u00eda cu\u1ed1i trang web, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o (script), v.v. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o g\u1ecdi (th\u1ef1c thi) c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u1edf cu\u1ed1i t\u1ec7p n\u00e0y.wp_footer()<\/code>H\u00e0m. Trong c\u00e1c m\u1eabu kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng qua\u2026get_header()<\/code>\u548cget_footer()<\/code>Ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang v\u00e0o (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p cho c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
index.php<\/code>\u6216single.php<\/code>Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 \u201cv\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p WordPress\u201d (WordPress Loop). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 PHP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft t\u1eeb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u00f3. M\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<?php if ( have_posts() ) : while ( have_posts() ) : the_post(); ?>\n    <article id="post-<?php the_ID(); ?>" no numeric noise key 1003>\n        <h2><?php the_title(); ?><\/h2>\n        <div class="entry-content">\n            <?php the_content(); ?>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/article>\n<?php endwhile; endif; ?><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
H\u00e0mthe_title()<\/code>\u3001the_content()<\/code>\u3001the_permalink()<\/code>C\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 \u201c\ub4f1\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft. H\u00e3y hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y n\u1ed9i dung.post_class()<\/code>C\u00e1c h\u00e0m r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng; ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c l\u1edbp CSS d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean lo\u1ea1i b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o container b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh giao di\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n: C\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 0<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u0129nh (kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c), m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, h\u00e0m l\u1ec7nh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy c\u1eadp trang web.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00edch h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0m trong ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea1o t\u1eadp tin trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme root directory).functions.php<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p tin kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cth\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c h\u00e0m\u201d (functions), m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cg\u1eafn c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng\u201d (features) v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng WordPress. N\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ed9 n\u00e3o\u201d (core) c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n (theme). Trong t\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u00e1c menu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng (navigation menus), \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c thanh b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh (sidebar areas \u2013 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3), th\u00eam h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho giao di\u1ec7n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ki\u1ec3u (style sheets) v\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n (script files).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n \u0103n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a n\u00f3 v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ch\u00ednh (main stylesheet) c\u1ee7a trang web m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n:<\/p>\n\n\r\n
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\r\n    \r\n      Hosting.com - l\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb    <\/strong>\r\n    
Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb CPU AMD EPYC, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef SSD NVMe v\u00e0 LiteSpeed, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u00ean gia n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 24 gi\u1edd\/ng\u00e0y, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m SSL, ch\u1ed1ng brute force, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u1edbi 73%.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<?php\nfunction mytheme_setup() {\n    \/\/ \u6ce8\u518c\u5bfc\u822a\u83dc\u5355\n    register_nav_menus( array(\n        'primary' => __( 'Primary Menu', 'mytheme' ),\n    ) );\n    \/\/ \u652f\u6301\u6587\u7ae0\u7279\u8272\u56fe\u7247\n    add_theme_support( 'post-thumbnails' );\n}\nadd_action( 'after_setup_theme', 'mytheme_setup' );\n\nfunction mytheme_scripts() {\n    wp_enqueue_style( 'mytheme-style', get_stylesheet_uri() );\n    wp_enqueue_script( 'mytheme-navigation', get_template_directory_uri() . '\/js\/navigation.js', array(), '1.0.0', true );\n}\nadd_action( 'wp_enqueue_scripts', 'mytheme_scripts' );\n?><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh (Key Performance Optimization Strategies)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p CSS v\u00e0 JavaScript \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 (kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt).wp_enqueue_style()<\/code>\u548cwp_enqueue_script()<\/code>C\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0m (function specifications) c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c (dependencies) v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ea3i ch\u00fang (trong ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u trang ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e2n trang) c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, n\u00ean lu\u00f4n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thisrcset<\/code>\uff0cth\u00f4ng quathe_post_thumbnail(\u2018full\u2019)<\/code>Khi xu\u1ea5t ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 th\u00eam c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.srcset<\/code>thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c b\u1eadt t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng Gzip, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u1eb1m sau \u201ctrang \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean\u201d) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i trang web. Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u00e3y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ec7m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng trang web t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch t\u1ed1t<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u1ed9i dung theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 (Theme-based content design and publication preparation)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Sau khi c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (th\u00eam c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh giao di\u1ec7n\u2026) \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 CDN: Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, L\u1ee3i \u00edch hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u00f3a v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u00f3a l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u00f3a trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template files) v\u00e0\u2026functions.php<\/code>Trong \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc (encapsulated) b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m d\u1ecbch. H\u00e0m d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0\u2026__()<\/code>\u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb,_e()<\/code>D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i\u2026functions.php<\/code>h\u00e3y t\u1ea3i b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch th\u00f4ng qua h\u00e0mload_theme_textdomain()<\/code>H\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (Responsive Design) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn n\u1eefa; b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CSS Media Queries \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng trang web c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n. H\u00e3y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u201cDi \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d (Mobile-First), b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n d\u00e0nh cho m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh nh\u1ecf, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u1eeb ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n cho m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\r\n
\r\n     \r\n  
\r\n    \r\n      M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a InterServer    <\/strong>\r\n    
L\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed $2,50 USD m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng, gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 $0,1 USD trong th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, m\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tryinterserver, v\u1edbi 461 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e3 v\u00e0 g\u1eedi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. H\u00e3y tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a WordPress: m\u00e3 PHP ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo \u201cWordPress PHP Coding Standards\u201d, CSS ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo \u201cWordPress CSS Coding Standards\u201d, v\u00e0 JavaScript ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo \u201cWordPress JavaScript Coding Standards\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc, t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con (subthemes) \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n WordPress. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con nh\u1eb1m s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 g\u1ed1c (parent theme) s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb x\u00f3a khi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 g\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eebng m\u1ee5c trong danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a WordPress \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 PHP v\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n WordPress, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n WordPress (theme) c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 front-end nh\u01b0 PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a WordPress, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (templates), c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u1eb7p (looping), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hook v\u00e0 filter. M\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n WordPress t\u1ed1t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c m\u1eabu c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f3a \u0111a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef (internationalization) v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n (code review), b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n WordPress chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau th\u00edch. H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho giao di\u1ec7n b\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n lu\u00f4n \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
FAQ \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t theme cho WordPress, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o PHP \u2013 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a WordPress, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd logic v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n am hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 HTML5 v\u00e0 CSS3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf giao di\u1ec7n trang web. Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 JavaScript (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 JavaScript nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ES6+) l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c tr\u00ean trang web. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u MySQL c\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Hooks \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a WordPress l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 d\u1ecbch \u0111a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u00f3a n\u1ed9i dung cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i k\u00fd t\u1ef1 d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0\u2026)echo \u2018Hello World\u2019;<\/code>Ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc b\u1edfi h\u00e0m d\u1ecbch, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u2026__(\u2018Hello World\u2019, \u2018your-theme-textdomain\u2019)<\/code>Sau \u0111\u00f3,functions.php<\/code>wp_footer()load_theme_textdomain()<\/code>H\u00e3y thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n (text fields) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1ec7p d\u1ecbch trong h\u00e0m. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 Poedit \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e9t m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p d\u1ecbch c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft..pot<\/code>C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template files), v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng (such as\u2026).zh_CN.po<\/code>T\u1ec7p d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a \u201c\uff09\u201d, sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra..mo<\/code>T\u1ec7p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 WordPress c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p CSS v\u00e0 JavaScript v\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template files) l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m.<link><\/code>\u6216<script><\/code>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u1ebb (tags) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean (resources) v\u00e0o trang web l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0\u2026functions.php<\/code>Trong t\u1ec7p tin, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 b\u00ean trong h\u00e0m \u0111\u00f3.wp_enqueue_style()<\/code>\u548cwp_enqueue_script()<\/code>H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a n\u00f3 v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng (style sheet) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh (scripts) c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y g\u1eafn (mount) h\u00e0m \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.wp_enqueue_scripts<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng (actions) trong WordPress. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c (dependencies), th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n (versioning), v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c WordPress khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eabu l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 l\u1ec7nh (template hierarchy) trong WordPress l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed9 template n\u00e0o s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed9t trang c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean blog, WordPress s\u1ebd t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm b\u1ed9 template ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.single-post-{slug}.php<\/code>\u3001single-post-{id}.php<\/code>\u3001single-post.php<\/code>\u3001single.php<\/code>\uff0ccu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0index.php<\/code>Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (templates) l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a trang web (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, trang web, ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh), t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) cho WordPress. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, n\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin trong ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1. Sau \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u trang (header), ph\u1ea7n ch\u00e2n trang (footer) v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft (article loop). Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[2100,638,289,1931,1976],"knowledge_category":[280],"class_list":["post-12372618","knowledge_post","type-knowledge_post","status-publish","hentry","tag-php","tag-wordpress-theme-development","tag-performance-optimization","tag-template-making","tag-1976","knowledge_category-wordpress"],"acf":{"site_seo_keywords":"WordPress\u4e3b\u9898\u5f00\u53d1,\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7f51\u7ad9,\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6,functions.php,WordPress\u5faa\u73af,\u672c\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883,\u4ece\u96f6\u6784\u5efa\u4e3b\u9898,\u4e3b\u9898\u4f18\u5316\u6307\u5357"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12372618","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledge_post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12372618\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12405829,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12372618\/revisions\/12405829"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12372618"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12372618"},{"taxonomy":"knowledge_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_category?post=12372618"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}