{"id":12373081,"date":"2026-03-16T22:17:26","date_gmt":"2026-03-16T14:17:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/knowledge\/%e6%89%8b%e6%8a%8a%e6%89%8b%e6%95%99%e4%bd%a0%e4%bb%8e%e9%9b%b6%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1wordpress%e4%b8%bb%e9%a2%98%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e7%9a%84%e6%a0%b8%e5%bf%83%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e4%b8%8e\/"},"modified":"2026-06-05T11:53:36","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T03:53:36","slug":"wordpress-theme-development-tutorial-from-scratch-2026","status":"publish","type":"knowledge_post","link":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/knowledge\/wordpress\/wordpress-theme-development-tutorial-from-scratch-2026\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1ch n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n (theme) cho WordPress, t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng."},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i ch\u1ecdn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u (t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng)?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trang web l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a WordPress, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trang (page builders), c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f3 \u00edt l\u1ed7i th\u1eeba trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n h\u01a1n, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i trang nhanh h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng sau n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng then ch\u1ed1t ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (themes) m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c template, c\u00e1c h\u00e0m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme functions), m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a nh\u1eefng API phong ph\u00fa m\u00e0 WordPress cung c\u1ea5p (nh\u01b0\u2026).WP_Query<\/code>\u3001wp_nav_menu<\/code>N\u00f3 c\u0169ng gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. Khi b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (theme frameworks), b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c m\u1ecdi xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0o theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111<\/p>\n\n\n\n

X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme file)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang tu\u00e2n theo nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ecdi t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam T\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

Hai t\u1ec7p tin c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ec7p tin b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng (style sheet).style.css<\/code>N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng (styles) CSS; kh\u1ed1i ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ec7p (header) c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 \u201cch\u1ee9ng minh th\u01b0\u201d x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) \u0111\u00f3. WordPress s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u1edf ph\u00eda sau n\u1ec1n (background).<\/p>\n\n\r\n

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\r\n \r\n UltaHost \u2013 Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 WordPress chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p <\/strong>\r\n
B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ho\u00e0n ti\u1ec1n trong 30 ng\u00e0y, b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, mua 3 n\u0103m \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i 50%<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n \r\n \"Logo\r\n \r\n <\/a>\r\n \r\n \r\n Truy c\u1eadp trang <\/a>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\/*\nTheme Name: \u6211\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\nTheme URI: https:\/\/example.com\/my-first-theme\nAuthor: \u4f60\u7684\u540d\u5b57\nAuthor URI: https:\/\/yourwebsite.com\nDescription: \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49WordPress\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\nVersion: 1.0\nLicense: GPL v2 or later\nText Domain: my-first-theme\n*\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ec7p tin b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 t\u1ec7p tin m\u1eabu ch\u00ednh (main template file).index.php<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme). Khi WordPress kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eabu n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb trang web. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac HTML c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u5728style.css<\/code>\u548cindex.php<\/code>Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n t\u1ec7p tin m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a WordPress, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0:functions.php<\/code>\u3001header.php<\/code>\u3001footer.php<\/code>\u548cfront-page.php<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
filefunctions.php<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u201cTrung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n\u201d c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi, \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 menu, ti\u1ec7n \u00edch (widgets), v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u script.header.php<\/code>\u548cfooter.php<\/code>D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u (header) v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i (footer) cho c\u00e1c trang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo nguy\u00ean l\u00fd m\u00f4-\u0111un h\u00f3a (modular design).get_header()<\/code>\u548cget_footer()<\/code>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c h\u00e0m v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
filefront-page.php<\/code>Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1ch trang ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a trang web \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (templates) trong WordPress quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean trong vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn trang ch\u1ee7.front-page.php<\/code>Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0\u2026home.php<\/code>cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfnindex.php<\/code>Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c trang ch\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn T\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Giao di\u1ec7n WordPress C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a t\u1eeb Con s\u1ed1 0<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Sau khi n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p tin, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (themes) c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng (dynamic themes).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u6837\u5f0f\u4e0e\u811a\u672c\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft (link) \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p CSS v\u00e0 JavaScript trong m\u1eabu HTML m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn l\u00e0\u2026functions.php<\/code>s\u1eed d\u1ee5ngwp_enqueue_style()<\/code>\u548cwp_enqueue_script()<\/code>C\u00e1c h\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u00e0 x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u00e0m v\u1edbi nhau, tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ea3i ch\u00fang nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (plugin).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function my_theme_scripts() {\n    \/\/ \u52a0\u8f7d\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u4e3b\u6837\u5f0f\u8868\n    wp_enqueue_style( 'my-theme-style', get_stylesheet_uri() );\n    \/\/ \u52a0\u8f7d\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49JavaScript\u6587\u4ef6\n    wp_enqueue_script( 'my-theme-script', get_template_directory_uri() . '\/js\/main.js', array('jquery'), '1.0', true );\n}\nadd_action( 'wp_enqueue_scripts', 'my_theme_scripts' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Trong \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 tr\u00ean,get_stylesheet_uri()<\/code>\u548cget_template_directory_uri()<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00e0m ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme path). N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u201chook\u201d (m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3).wp_enqueue_scripts<\/code>H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i v\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\r\n
\r\n     \r\n  
\r\n    \r\n      Hosting.com - l\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb    <\/strong>\r\n    
Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb CPU AMD EPYC, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef SSD NVMe v\u00e0 LiteSpeed, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u00ean gia n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 24 gi\u1edd\/ng\u00e0y, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m SSL, ch\u1ed1ng brute force, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u1edbi 73%.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5bfc\u822a\u83dc\u5355\u4e0e\u4fa7\u8fb9\u680f\u5c0f\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u96c6\u6210<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
WordPress cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c menu v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 (widgets) m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch dinh h\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng qua giao di\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb (backend), \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trang web. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd\u201d c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf giao di\u1ec7n (theme) c\u1ee7a trang web.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728functions.php<\/code>s\u1eed d\u1ee5ngregister_nav_menus()<\/code>C\u00e1c h\u00e0m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c trong th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n (menu items).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function my_theme_setup() {\n    register_nav_menus( array(\n        'primary' => __( '\u4e3b\u5bfc\u822a\u83dc\u5355', 'my-first-theme' ),\n        'footer'  => __( '\u5e95\u90e8\u83dc\u5355', 'my-first-theme' ),\n    ) );\n}\nadd_action( 'after_setup_theme', 'my_theme_setup' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (templates) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u1ed9i dung m\u1edbi.header.php<\/code>\uff09s\u1eed d\u1ee5ngwp_nav_menu( array( 'theme_location' => 'primary' ) )<\/code>\u0110\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb menu.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress: T\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ngregister_sidebar()<\/code>C\u00e1c h\u00e0m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9a ti\u1ec7n \u00edch (gadget areas). Sau khi \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y trong giao di\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u201cNh\u00ecn\u201d -> \u201cTi\u1ec7n \u00edch\u201d (Appearance -> Gadgets), v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (templates) c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.dynamic_sidebar()<\/code>C\u00e1c h\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng giao di\u1ec7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau (responsive layout) v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t (performance optimization)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c trang web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i trang nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\r\n
\r\n     \r\n  
\r\n    \r\n      M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a InterServer    <\/strong>\r\n    
L\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed $2,50 USD m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng, gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 $0,1 USD trong th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, m\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tryinterserver, v\u1edbi 461 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf CSS theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u201cdi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean\u201d (mobile-first).<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Khi vi\u1ebft CSS, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cdi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u01b0u ti\u00ean\u201d (mobile-first). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng (styles) ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh nh\u1ecf (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh), sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng (Media Queries) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3 cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/* \u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6837\u5f0f *\/\n.container { width: 100%; padding: 10px; }\n\/* \u5e73\u677f\u8bbe\u5907\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a *\/\n@media (min-width: 768px) {\n    .container { width: 750px; margin: 0 auto; }\n}\n\/* \u684c\u9762\u8bbe\u5907 *\/\n@media (min-width: 992px) {\n    .container { width: 970px; }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng h\u01a1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (responsive design) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1chmax-width: 100%; height: auto;<\/code>trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 h\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm (SEO). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i dung (theme developers), h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng then ch\u1ed1t sau:
\n1. T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00eam c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: ch\u00fa th\u00edch, ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1\u2026) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.width<\/code>\u548cheight<\/code>cho h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c (CLS).
\n2. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd script v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng (Styles): Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c script m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea3i ch\u00fang v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng trang c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng script kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 script x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn), b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea3i ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eadm (asynchronously
\n3. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a: M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch (plugins) c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (cache) ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p (merge) v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a (minimize) c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p CSS v\u00e0 JS trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (production environment).
\n4. T\u1ea3i c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean front-end m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc: V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u1ec9 trang b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft m\u1edbi c\u1ea7n t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin CSS v\u00e0 JS li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn; \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.is_single()<\/code>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u1ebb d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n (condition judgment tags).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t theme WordPress t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng qu\u00fd b\u00e1u. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ec7p tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a template (m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf), c\u00e1c hook (h\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ed9i dung), c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t khung theme t\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n, sau \u0111\u00f3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t trang web \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi WordPress. H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t; h\u00e3y th\u1eed t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t theme \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh n\u00f3 \u2013 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
FAQ \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress (theme) d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ###, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n sau:
\n\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t theme cho WordPress, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 HTML, CSS v\u00e0 PHP. Vi\u1ec7c am hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u1ec1 JavaScript s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong giao di\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a WordPress (backend) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 HTML\/CSS t\u0129nh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1eabu PHP \u0111\u1ed9ng (dynamic PHP templates) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e3b\u9898\u7684 functions.php \u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
filefunctions.php<\/code>\u5728\u4e3b\u9898\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u201c\u529f\u80fd\u96c6\u6563\u5730\u201d\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e3b\u9898\u6dfb\u52a0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u529f\u80fd\uff08\u5982\u65b0\u7684\u77ed\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u5c0f\u5de5\u5177\uff09\u3001\u6ce8\u518c\u4e3b\u9898\u652f\u6301\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff08\u5982\u83dc\u5355\u3001\u5c0f\u5de5\u5177\u533a\u57df\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u7f29\u7565\u56fe\uff09\u3001\u4e3aWordPress\u6838\u5fc3\u6216\u63d2\u4ef6\u6dfb\u52a0\u529f\u80fd\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u4f5c\u94a9\u5b50\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u6269\u5c55\u4e3b\u9898\u80fd\u529b\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i PHP xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn trang web t\u1ea1i\u2026wp-config.php<\/code>B\u1eadt ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i (debug mode) cho WordPress trong t\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y.WP_DEBUG<\/code>H\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadptrue<\/code>Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp (setting)\u2026WP_DEBUG_LOG<\/code>v\u00ectrue<\/code>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o t\u1ec7p nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thay v\u00ec hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ch\u00fang tr\u00ean trang web, nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc (ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp trang web). H\u00e3y nh\u1edb t\u1eaft ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i (debug mode) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi website \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt \u0111a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u00f3a, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i\u2026style.css<\/code>Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i ch\u00fa th\u00edch v\u00e0\u2026functions.php<\/code>\u0110\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong ph\u1ea7n \u201cTrung\u201d.Text Domain<\/code>(V\u0103n b\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1eddng), v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ngload_theme_textdomain()<\/code>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p d\u1ecbch. Trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng theo c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.__()<\/code>\u3001_e()<\/code>C\u00e1c h\u00e0m d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i (wrapped) \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Poedit c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady..pot<\/code>T\u1ec7p m\u1eabu v\u00e0.po\/.mo<\/code>t\u1ec7p d\u1ecbch.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t theme WordPress t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u. N\u1ed9i dung bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theme, c\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin theme (nh\u01b0 style.css, index.php, functions.php), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (style) v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh (script). M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 WordPress v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng theme t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[21,638,2410,436,1910],"knowledge_category":[280],"class_list":["post-12373081","knowledge_post","type-knowledge_post","status-publish","hentry","tag-wordpress-themes","tag-wordpress-theme-development","tag-wordpress","tag-wordpress-tutorial","tag-theme-development-tutorial","knowledge_category-wordpress"],"acf":{"site_seo_keywords":"WordPress\u4e3b\u9898\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5b9e\u6218\u6559\u7a0b\uff0c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u539f\u751f\u5f00\u53d1"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12373081","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledge_post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12373081\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12406754,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12373081\/revisions\/12406754"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12373081"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12373081"},{"taxonomy":"knowledge_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_category?post=12373081"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}