{"id":12374820,"date":"2026-03-17T20:48:19","date_gmt":"2026-03-17T12:48:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/knowledge\/%e4%bb%8e%e9%9b%b6%e5%88%b0%e4%b8%80%ef%bc%9a%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1%e7%8e%b0%e4%bb%a3wordpress%e4%b8%bb%e9%a2%98%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e7%9a%84%e6%a0%b8%e5%bf%83%e6%8a%80%e8%83%bd%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5\/"},"modified":"2026-06-03T20:14:09","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T12:14:09","slug":"master-modern-wordpress-theme-development-skills-practice-guide","status":"publish","type":"knowledge_post","link":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/knowledge\/wordpress\/master-modern-wordpress-theme-development-skills-practice-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn con s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n giao di\u1ec7n WordPress hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn con s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n giao di\u1ec7n WordPress hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme development)?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) cho WordPress l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng trang web c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 HTML, CSS, JavaScript v\u00e0 PHP m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a WordPress. Tu\u00e2n theo quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ti\u1ec7n \u00edch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (plugin), d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 WordPress cung c\u1ea5p. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u2013 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template) c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u2013 m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 h\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, m\u1ed7i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m hai t\u1ec7p tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:style.css<\/code>\u548cindex.php<\/code>\u3002style.css<\/code>Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng (style sheet), ph\u1ea7n ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 \u201cch\u1ee9ng minh th\u01b0\u201d c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme), d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho WordPress v\u1ec1 t\u00ean ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin metadate kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t WordPress Theme hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

Sau khi t\u1ea1o xong c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (templates). WordPress s\u1ebd tu\u00e2n theo nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u1eebng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trang web. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o\u2026single.php<\/code>H\u00e3y x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u00e9.page.php<\/code>H\u00e3y x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c trang web \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (trang web kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh).front-page.php<\/code>H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trang ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a trang web n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\r\n

\r\n \r\n
\r\n \r\n UltaHost \u2013 Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 WordPress chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p <\/strong>\r\n
B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ho\u00e0n ti\u1ec1n trong 30 ng\u00e0y, b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, mua 3 n\u0103m \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i 50%<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n \r\n \"Logo\r\n \r\n <\/a>\r\n \r\n \r\n Truy c\u1eadp trang <\/a>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4-\u0111un h\u00f3a c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a trang web (nh\u01b0 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 trang, ch\u00e2n trang, thanh b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh) l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u1ebb m\u1eabu (template tags).get_header()<\/code>, get_footer()<\/code>, get_sidebar()<\/code>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1eabu kh\u00e1c nhau.header.php<\/code>, footer.php<\/code>\u548csidebar.php<\/code>T\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 khai b\u00e1o th\u00f4ng tin ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5728style.css<\/code>\u1ede ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p tin, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ghi ch\u00fa ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p tin \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00e0 WordPress d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\/*\nTheme Name: \u6211\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3b\u9898\nTheme URI: https:\/\/example.com\/my-theme\nAuthor: \u4f60\u7684\u540d\u5b57\nAuthor URI: https:\/\/example.com\nDescription: \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u6f14\u793a\u800c\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49WordPress\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\nVersion: 1.0.0\nLicense: GPL v2 or later\nText Domain: my-custom-theme\n*\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme functions) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
functions.php<\/code>File l\u00e0 \u201ctrung t\u00e2m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng\u201d c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme), cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0nh vi m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a WordPress. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Hook c\u1ee7a WordPress \u2013 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c Hook h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng (Action Hooks).add_action()<\/code>\u201cHook with filters\u201dadd_filter()<\/code>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi WordPress kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp (theme settings) c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.functions.php<\/code>\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme), ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u00eam h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00ednh k\u00e8m h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a menu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng, ho\u1eb7c th\u00eam khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theme WordPress: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theme t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 0<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
H\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 menu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng (h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh thu nh\u1ecf) v\u00e0 menu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong c\u00e1c trang web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.functions.php<\/code>Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u00eam \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 sau v\u00e0o, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function my_theme_setup() {\n    \/\/ \u4e3a\u201c\u6587\u7ae0\u201d\u548c\u201c\u9875\u9762\u201d\u542f\u7528\u7279\u8272\u56fe\u50cf\u529f\u80fd\n    add_theme_support( 'post-thumbnails' );\n\n    \/\/ \u6ce8\u518c\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u5bfc\u822a\u83dc\u5355\u4f4d\u7f6e\n    register_nav_menus( array(\n        'primary' => __( '\u4e3b\u5bfc\u822a\u83dc\u5355', 'my-custom-theme' ),\n        'footer'  => __( '\u9875\u811a\u5bfc\u822a\u83dc\u5355', 'my-custom-theme' ),\n    ) );\n\n    \/\/ \u542f\u7528\u5bf9Widget\u533a\u5757\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u7684\u652f\u6301 (Gutenberg)\n    add_theme_support( 'widgets-block-editor' );\n}\nadd_action( 'after_setup_theme', 'my_theme_setup' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1ch \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh (sidebar tools)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Khu v\u1ef1c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf (small tools) cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u00eam n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0o thanh b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh (sidebar) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u00e9o c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n t\u1eeb giao di\u1ec7n n\u1ec1n (backend).register_sidebar()<\/code>M\u1ed9t h\u00e0m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 (tool areas).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function my_theme_widgets_init() {\n    register_sidebar( array(\n        'name'          =&gt; __( '\u4e3b\u4fa7\u8fb9\u680f', 'my-custom-theme' ),\n        'id'            =&gt; 'sidebar-1',\n        'description'   =&gt; __( '\u5728\u6b64\u533a\u57df\u6dfb\u52a0\u5c0f\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u548c\u9875\u9762\u4fa7\u8fb9\u3002', 'my-custom-theme' ),\n        'before_widget' =&gt; '<section id="%1$s" class="widget %2$s">',\n        'after_widget'  =&gt; '<\/section>',\n        'before_title'  =&gt; '<h2 class="widget-title">',\n        'after_title'   =&gt; '<\/h2>',\n    ) );\n}\nadd_action( 'widgets_init', 'my_theme_widgets_init' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (themes)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean front-end chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e2u quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. WordPress cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0m m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p CSS v\u00e0 JavaScript m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c plugin kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\r\n
\r\n     \r\n  
\r\n    \r\n      Hosting.com - l\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb    <\/strong>\r\n    
Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb CPU AMD EPYC, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef SSD NVMe v\u00e0 LiteSpeed, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u00ean gia n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 24 gi\u1edd\/ng\u00e0y, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m SSL, ch\u1ed1ng brute force, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u1edbi 73%.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
The core function is\u2026wp_enqueue_style()<\/code>\u548cwp_enqueue_script()<\/code>B\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i.wp_enqueue_scripts<\/code>Trong hook h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch tr\u00ean trang frontend. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi phong c\u00e1ch (style) v\u00e0 script c\u1ee7a giao di\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb (backend), c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea3i ch\u00fang.admin_enqueue_scripts<\/code>M\u00f3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ec3u (style sheets) v\u00e0 t\u1ec7p script v\u00e0o trang web l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ch\u00ednh (main style sheet), m\u1ed9t ph\u00f4ng ch\u1eef c\u1ee7a Google, m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p JavaScript t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh, v\u00e0 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n jQuery (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c \u2013 dependency) v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) c\u1ee7a trang web.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function my_theme_scripts() {\n    \/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u4e3b\u6837\u5f0f\u8868\n    wp_enqueue_style( 'my-theme-style', get_stylesheet_uri(), array(), '1.0.0' );\n\n    \/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e2aGoogle\u5b57\u4f53\n    wp_enqueue_style( 'my-google-font', 'https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Roboto:wght@400;700&display=swap', array(), null );\n\n    \/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49JavaScript\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u58f0\u660e\u4f9d\u8d56jQuery\n    wp_enqueue_script( 'my-theme-script', get_template_directory_uri() . '\/js\/custom.js', array( 'jquery' ), '1.0.0', true );\n}\nadd_action( 'wp_enqueue_scripts', 'my_theme_scripts' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Sau khi tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean t\u1eadp kh\u1ed1i (Gutenberg), t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1eabu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch (h\u00f3a \u0111a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef), v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00fa m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theme WordPress: C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ngadd_theme_support()<\/code>C\u00e1c h\u00e0m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u0103n l\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o, b\u1ea3ng m\u00e0u t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00f4ng ch\u1eef, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m phong ph\u00fa th\u00eam tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n thay th\u1ebf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9__()<\/code>\u6216_e()<\/code>H\u00e3y b\u1ecdc c\u00e1c h\u00e0m n\u00e0y trong m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp (class) v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang.load_theme_textdomain()<\/code>\u0110ang t\u1ea3i t\u1ec7p ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t (best practices). Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd API l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi (Transients API) c\u1ee7a WordPress c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy v\u1ea5n v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u; vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (styles) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n chia m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n s\u1ebd gi\u00fap r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian t\u1ea3i trang. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch (b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p).esc_html()<\/code>, esc_url()<\/code>C\u00e1c h\u00e0m nh\u01b0 (v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt kh\u00e1c) l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\r\n
\r\n     \r\n  
\r\n    \r\n      M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a InterServer    <\/strong>\r\n    
L\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed $2,50 USD m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng, gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 $0,1 USD trong th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, m\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tryinterserver, v\u1edbi 461 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p truy v\u1ea5n b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (standard loops) l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho c\u00e1ch WordPress hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung. Trong c\u00e1c m\u1eabu trang t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh (custom page templates), b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n (queries) ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecbWP_Query<\/code>L\u1edbp (class) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong truy v\u1ea5n (query).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6700\u65b05\u7bc7“\u9879\u76ee”\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\n$args = array(\n    'post_type' =&gt; 'project',\n    'posts_per_page' =&gt; 5,\n    'orderby' =&gt; 'date',\n    'order' =&gt; 'DESC',\n);\n\n$project_query = new WP_Query( $args );\n\nif ( $project_query-&gt;have_posts() ) :\n    while ( $project_query-&gt;have_posts() ) : $project_query-&gt;the_post();\n        \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u6bcf\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u6807\u9898\u548c\u6458\u8981\n        echo '<h3>'. get_the_title() . '<\/h3>';\n        the_excerpt();\n    endwhile;\n    wp_reset_postdata(); \/\/ \u91cd\u7f6e\u4e3b\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\nelse :\n    echo '<p>Không có d\u1ef1 án nào hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>'endif;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) cho WordPress l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh mang t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc (front-end) v\u00e0 logic l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng PHP ph\u00eda sau (back-end). T\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u\u2026style.css<\/code>\u548cindex.php<\/code>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00f3, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n\u2026functions.php<\/code>Vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng phong ph\u00fa th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u201chook\u201d (c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n), sau \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac trang theo c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu (template hierarchy), \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm v\u1eefng t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t. Vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (style scripts), h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 bi\u00ean t\u1eadp hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 an to\u00e0n, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress linh ho\u1ea1t, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trang web<\/p>\n\n\n\n
FAQ \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i dung ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme development) v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trang web (page builder development) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n giao di\u1ec7n (theme development) l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template files) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a trang web. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7p n\u00e0y ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a trang web, logic b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea7n vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh PHP, HTML, CSS, v\u00e0 JavaScript.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trang web (nh\u01b0 Elementor, WPBakery) th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng plugin, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n (theme) hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. Ch\u00fang cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng trang m\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c quan th\u00f4ng qua giao di\u1ec7n k\u00e9o-th\u1ea3, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n (theme) cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, trong khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trang web \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u201ctrang tr\u00ed nhanh\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o Gutenberg?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, trongfunctions.php<\/code>s\u1eed d\u1ee5ngadd_theme_support()<\/code>Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i dung (block editors). B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng, s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp kh\u1ed1i theo chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u1ed9i dung m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau. Ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng (style sheeteditor-style.css<\/code>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng phong c\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y n\u1ed9i dung trong tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o n\u1ec1n (backend editor) gi\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u00ean giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (frontend preview). C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i dung t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh (custom blocks), nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c b\u1ed5 sung v\u1ec1 JavaScript (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 React).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme), l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c plugin?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch l\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t do WordPress cung c\u1ea5p. H\u00e3y tr\u00e1nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf giao di\u1ec7n (style) v\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n (script), h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi WordPress \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng; tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean PHP, nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (templates) PHP c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t theme WordPress ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n hai t\u1ec7p tin l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:style.css<\/code>(Mang ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng tin ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c) V\u00e0index.php<\/code>Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m:header.php<\/code>\u3001footer.php<\/code>\u3001functions.php<\/code>\u3001single.php<\/code>\u3001page.php<\/code>\u548carchive.php<\/code>Theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa.front-page.php<\/code>\u3001search.php<\/code>\u3001404.php<\/code>Ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n (theme) cho WordPress hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n WordPress, c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin ch\u00ednh, quy t\u1eafc ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (templates), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0o giao di\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua t\u1ec7p functions.php (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n, t\u1ea1o menu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3). M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng giao di\u1ec7n WordPress chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[638,806,2254,2149,1922],"knowledge_category":[280],"class_list":["post-12374820","knowledge_post","type-knowledge_post","status-publish","hentry","tag-wordpress-theme-development","tag-wordpress-development","tag-theme-functions","tag-theme-development-guide","tag-theme-construction","knowledge_category-wordpress"],"acf":{"site_seo_keywords":"WordPress\u4e3b\u9898\u5f00\u53d1,\u4e3b\u9898\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u7a0b,WordPress\u6838\u5fc3\u67b6\u6784,\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6,functions.php,\u4e3b\u9898\u51fd\u6570,\u6ce8\u518c\u5bfc\u822a\u83dc\u5355,\u7279\u8272\u56fe\u50cf\u652f\u6301"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12374820","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledge_post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12374820\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12404013,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12374820\/revisions\/12404013"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12374820"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12374820"},{"taxonomy":"knowledge_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_category?post=12374820"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}