{"id":12374927,"date":"2026-03-17T22:33:23","date_gmt":"2026-03-17T14:33:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/knowledge\/wordpress%e4%b8%bb%e9%a2%98%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e5%88%b0%e7%b2%be%e9%80%9a%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b\/"},"modified":"2026-06-04T08:11:31","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T00:11:31","slug":"wordpress-theme-development-complete-guide-tutorial-12374927","status":"publish","type":"knowledge_post","link":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/knowledge\/wordpress\/wordpress-theme-development-complete-guide-tutorial-12374927\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn To\u00e0n di\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress: Kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh T\u1eeb C\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn N\u00e2ng cao"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n giao di\u1ec7n WordPress v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) cho WordPress, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai t\u1ec7p tin:style.css<\/code> \u548c index.php<\/code>Trong \u0111\u00f3,style.css<\/code>Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng (style sheets), m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a c\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng tin meta v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, nh\u01b0 t\u00ean ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, v.v. Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i ch\u00fa th\u00edch trong CSS v\u00e0 l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t gi\u00fap WordPress nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c g\u00f3i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u00edch h\u1ee3p Apache\/Nginx, PHP v\u00e0 MySQL, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Local by Flywheel, XAMPP ho\u1eb7c MAMP. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t, m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, h\u00e3y c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o m\u00e3 tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Visual Studio Code ho\u1eb7c PhpStorm \u2013 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00fa ph\u00e1p m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i \u00fd m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n cho PHP, HTML, CSS v\u00e0 JavaScript.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a WordPress.wp-content\/themes<\/code>H\u00e3y t\u1ea1o th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u00ean trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00f3 t\u00ean\u2026my-first-theme<\/code>H\u00e3y t\u1ea1o th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.style.css<\/code>T\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theme WordPress: T\u1ea1o ra trang web c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng tin ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 trang (theme header information)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

style.css<\/code>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p tin ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cch\u1ee9ng minh th\u01b0\u201d x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n\n\r\n

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\r\n \r\n UltaHost \u2013 Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 WordPress chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p <\/strong>\r\n
B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ho\u00e0n ti\u1ec1n trong 30 ng\u00e0y, b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, mua 3 n\u0103m \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i 50%<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n \r\n \"Logo\r\n \r\n <\/a>\r\n \r\n \r\n Truy c\u1eadp trang <\/a>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\/*\nTheme Name: My First Theme\nTheme URI: https:\/\/example.com\/my-first-theme\/\nAuthor: Your Name\nAuthor URI: https:\/\/example.com\/\nDescription: \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49WordPress\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\nVersion: 1.0.0\nLicense: GNU General Public License v2 or later\nText Domain: my-first-theme\n*\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Trong \u0111\u00f3,Text Domain<\/code>D\u00f9ng cho vi\u1ec7c h\u00f3a \u0111a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef (i18n); \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c h\u00e0m d\u1ecbch.__()<\/code>\u6216_e()<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tham chi\u1ebfu (identifiers) c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) cho WordPress. Sau khi t\u1ea1o t\u1ec7p n\u00e0y, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong danh s\u00e1ch \u201cGiao di\u1ec7n\u201d (Appearance) -> \u201cCh\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1\u201d (Themes) \u1edf ph\u1ea7n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb WordPress, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00fac n\u00e0y n\u00f3 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ec7p m\u1eabu c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u1eabu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
WordPress s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (template hierarchy) \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i dung kh\u00e1c nhau. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (themes) m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t trang, WordPress s\u1ebd t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hi\u1ec3u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (templates)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi truy c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean blog (m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng ri\u00eang l\u1ebb), WordPress s\u1ebd t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 sau:single-post-{post-id}.php<\/code> -> single-post-{post-type}.php<\/code> -> single.php<\/code> -> singular.php<\/code> -> index.php<\/code>Nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 WordPress s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ecdn t\u1ec7p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea1o t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Ngo\u00e0i raindex.php<\/code>M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template files) c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i sau:
\n*   header.php<\/code>: Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u trang web, bao g\u1ed3m<head><\/code>Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 trang web, menu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng.
\n*   footer.php<\/code>Ph\u1ea7n ch\u00e2n trang c\u1ee7a trang web, ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung kh\u00e1c.
\n*   sidebar.php<\/code>Khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh (sidebar tools area).
\n*   functions.php<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ec7p tin ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi, \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c trong menu, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 (widgets), v.v.
\n*   style.css<\/code>B\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ch\u00ednh (Main Style Sheet).
\n*   page.php<\/code>D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c trang t\u0129nh.
\n*   single.php<\/code>D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft blog ri\u00eang l\u1ebb.
\n*   archive.php<\/code>\uff1aD\u00f9ng cho danh s\u00e1ch l\u01b0u tr\u1eef b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft (nh\u01b0 trang ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, th\u1ebb, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3).<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress: T\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c th\u1ebb m\u1eabu (template tags), b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00e8n c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong\u2026index.php<\/code>\u0110\u01b0a ph\u1ea7n ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 (header) v\u00e0o ph\u00eda tr\u00ean:<?php get_header(); ?><\/code>H\u00e0m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i v\u00e0o (load automatically).header.php<\/code>T\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme features) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng WordPress.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
functions.php<\/code>T\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ed9 n\u00e3o\u201d c\u1ee7a giao di\u1ec7n (theme), cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u00e2u v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i (core) c\u1ee7a WordPress m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i. T\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea3i v\u00e0o khi giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t (active).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 khi \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ngadd_theme_support()<\/code>C\u00e1c h\u00e0m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a WordPress m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n\u2026after_setup_theme<\/code>C\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c \u201chook\u201d (c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi khi x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh). V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 Logo t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\r\n
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\r\n    \r\n      Hosting.com - l\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb    <\/strong>\r\n    
Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb CPU AMD EPYC, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef SSD NVMe v\u00e0 LiteSpeed, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u00ean gia n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 24 gi\u1edd\/ng\u00e0y, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m SSL, ch\u1ed1ng brute force, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u1edbi 73%.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
function mytheme_setup() {\n    \/\/ \u652f\u6301\u6587\u7ae0\u7279\u8272\u56fe\u50cf\n    add_theme_support( 'post-thumbnails' );\n    \/\/ \u652f\u6301\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49Logo\n    add_theme_support( 'custom-logo', array(\n        'height'      => 100,\n        'width'       => 400,\n        'flex-height' => true,\n        'flex-width'  => true,\n    ) );\n    \/\/ \u652f\u6301HTML5\u6807\u8bb0\uff08\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u8bba\u5217\u8868\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u8868\u5355\u7b49\uff09\n    add_theme_support( 'html5', array( 'comment-list', 'comment-form', 'search-form', 'gallery', 'caption', 'style', 'script' ) );\n}\nadd_action( 'after_setup_theme', 'mytheme_setup' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u0103ng k\u00fd menu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf (Register Navigation Menu and Small Tools Area)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Menu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf (widgets) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i\u2026functions.php<\/code>B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd ch\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (templates).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ngregister_nav_menus()<\/code>H\u00e0m \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u1ecb tr\u00ed menu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function mytheme_register_menus() {\n    register_nav_menus( array(\n        'primary' => __( '\u4e3b\u5bfc\u822a\u83dc\u5355', 'my-first-theme' ),\n        'footer'  => __( '\u9875\u811a\u83dc\u5355', 'my-first-theme' ),\n    ) );\n}\nadd_action( 'init', 'mytheme_register_menus' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Sau khi \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c trong menu t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00f3 trong ph\u1ea7n \u201cGiao di\u1ec7n\u201d -> \u201cMenu\u201d \u1edf giao di\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb. Trong c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (v\u00ed d\u1ee5:\u2026)header.php<\/code>(Xin l\u1ed7i, t\u00f4i \u0111ang b\u1eadn, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi sau.), S\u1eed d\u1ee5ngwp_nav_menu()<\/code>h\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb menu.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) cho WordPress t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u: T\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng trang web c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ngregister_sidebar()<\/code>Khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd h\u00e0m (Function Registration Tool):<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function mytheme_widgets_init() {\n    register_sidebar( array(\n        'name'          =&gt; __( '\u4e3b\u4fa7\u8fb9\u680f', 'my-first-theme' ),\n        'id'            =&gt; 'sidebar-1',\n        'description'   =&gt; __( '\u5728\u6b64\u6dfb\u52a0\u5c0f\u5de5\u5177\u3002', 'my-first-theme' ),\n        'before_widget' =&gt; '<section id="%1$s" class="widget %2$s">',\n        'after_widget'  =&gt; '<\/section>',\n        'before_title'  =&gt; '<h2 class="widget-title">',\n        'after_title'   =&gt; '<\/h2>',\n    ) );\n}\nadd_action( 'widgets_init', 'mytheme_widgets_init' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Trong template (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0\u2026)sidebar.php<\/code>(Xin l\u1ed7i, t\u00f4i \u0111ang b\u1eadn, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi sau.), S\u1eed d\u1ee5ngdynamic_sidebar( 'sidebar-1' )<\/code>\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\r\n
\r\n     \r\n  
\r\n    \r\n      M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a InterServer    <\/strong>\r\n    
L\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed $2,50 USD m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng, gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 $0,1 USD trong th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, m\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tryinterserver, v\u1edbi 461 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng, script v\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng (CSS) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh (JavaScript) m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a API c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh (Customizer) trong WordPress \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc (preview) ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eadp CSS v\u00e0 JavaScript \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp trong t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu<link><\/code>\u6216<script><\/code>T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a c\u1ee9ng trong c\u00e1c th\u1ebb (tags). N\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y.wp_enqueue_style()<\/code>\u548cwp_enqueue_script()<\/code>H\u00e0m, th\u00f4ng quawp_enqueue_scripts<\/code>C\u00e1c \u201chook\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function mytheme_scripts() {\n    \/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u4e3b\u6837\u5f0f\u8868\n    wp_enqueue_style( 'mytheme-style', get_stylesheet_uri(), array(), '1.0.0' );\n    \/\/ \u5f15\u5165Google Fonts\n    wp_enqueue_style( 'mytheme-google-fonts', 'https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Roboto:wght@400;700&display=swap', array(), null );\n    \/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u4e3bJavaScript\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56jQuery\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9875\u811a\u52a0\u8f7d\n    wp_enqueue_script( 'mytheme-navigation', get_template_directory_uri() . '\/js\/navigation.js', array( 'jquery' ), '1.0.0', true );\n}\nadd_action( 'wp_enqueue_scripts', 'mytheme_scripts' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
T\u00edch h\u1ee3p b\u1ed9 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh WordPress<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00ecnh t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, Logo, v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 trang, v.v. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh giao di\u1ec7n theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n.WP_Customize_Manager<\/code>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (controls) v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c (regions) c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u00eam t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh n\u1ed9i dung trang ch\u00e2n (footer):<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function mytheme_customize_register( $wp_customize ) {\n    \/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u9875\u811a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u201d\u533a\u57df\n    $wp_customize->add_section( 'mytheme_footer_options', array(\n        'title'    => __( '\u9875\u811a\u8bbe\u7f6e', 'my-first-theme' ),\n        'priority' => 160,\n    ) );\n\n\/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u9875\u811a\u7248\u6743\u6587\u672c\u201d\u8bbe\u7f6e\n    $wp_customize->add_setting( 'mytheme_footer_copyright', array(\n        'default'           => __( '\u00a9 2026 \u6211\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002\u4fdd\u7559\u6240\u6709\u6743\u5229\u3002', 'my-first-theme' ),\n        'sanitize_callback' => 'sanitize_text_field', \/\/ \u6570\u636e\u6e05\u7406\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\n        'transport'         => 'refresh', \/\/ \u6216 \u2018postMessage\u2019 \u7528\u4e8e\u65e0\u9700\u5237\u65b0\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u9884\u89c8\n    ) );\n\n\/\/ \u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u8f93\u5165\u63a7\u4ef6\n    $wp_customize->add_control( 'mytheme_footer_copyright', array(\n        'label'    => __( '\u9875\u811a\u7248\u6743\u6587\u672c', 'my-first-theme' ),\n        'section'  => 'mytheme_footer_options',\n        'type'     => 'text',\n    ) );\n}\nadd_action( 'customize_register', 'mytheme_customize_register' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728footer.php<\/code>Trong m\u1eabu (template), b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (use).get_theme_mod()<\/code>H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y:<?php echo get_theme_mod( 'mytheme_footer_copyright' ); ?><\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) cho WordPress l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh mang t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template files) v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, cho \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p ch\u00fang.functions.php<\/code>Vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra giao di\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t theme WordPress. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a WordPress, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap theme tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c plugin kh\u00e1c. Khi n\u1eafm v\u1eefng nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t theme WordPress chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh theo nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
FAQ \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n WordPress Theme b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) cho WordPress, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng b\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: PHP, HTML, CSS v\u00e0 JavaScript. PHP l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 logic ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. HTML d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac trang web. CSS ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf giao di\u1ec7n (phong c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c trang). JavaScript gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c tr\u00ean ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (front-end). Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 SQL c\u0169ng s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 thao t\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a WordPress?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress.org, c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t s\u1ed5 tay ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m: m\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i an to\u00e0n (tho\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u1ed9ng), tu\u00e2n theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u1eabu, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c h\u00e0m hook, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 truy c\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n (WCAG), \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi, v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Child Theme (Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 g\u1ed1c (Parent Theme), cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh giao di\u1ec7n, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a trang web m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, Child Theme cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 nh\u1ecf, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con (sub-topic) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 cha (parent-topic); n\u00f3 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template files) c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 cha. L\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con l\u00e0 khi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 cha \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu) s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh ho\u1eb7c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (themes), b\u1ea1n n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng h\u00e0m n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1edbi t\u1ec7p tin ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme file) ho\u1eb7c URL c\u1ee7a n\u00f3?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0m x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn (path functions) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi WordPress \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thao t\u00e1c.get_template_directory_uri()<\/code>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 URL c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 cha (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p CSS\/JS).get_stylesheet_directory_uri()<\/code>URL d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y danh m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i (n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con, th\u00ec s\u1ebd l\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con \u0111\u00f3).get_template_directory()<\/code>\u548cget_stylesheet_directory()<\/code>D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn v\u1eadt l\u00fd tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n (theme) cho WordPress. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template files) c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0o giao di\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua t\u1ec7p functions.php. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[638,2410,436,2149,379],"knowledge_category":[280],"class_list":["post-12374927","knowledge_post","type-knowledge_post","status-publish","hentry","tag-wordpress-theme-development","tag-wordpress","tag-wordpress-tutorial","tag-theme-development-guide","tag-web-development","knowledge_category-wordpress"],"acf":{"site_seo_keywords":"WordPress\u4e3b\u9898\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u4e3b\u9898\u5236\u4f5c\u6559\u7a0b\uff0c\u672c\u5730\u73af\u5883\u642d\u5efa\uff0c\u6a21\u677f\u5c42\u7ea7\uff0cfunctions.php\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u7cbe\u901a\u5b9e\u6218"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12374927","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledge_post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12374927\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12405542,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12374927\/revisions\/12405542"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12374927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12374927"},{"taxonomy":"knowledge_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_category?post=12374927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}