{"id":12375759,"date":"2026-03-18T08:56:39","date_gmt":"2026-03-18T00:56:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/knowledge\/wordpress%e4%b8%bb%e9%a2%98%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e9%9b%b6%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e4%bd%a0%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%93%e5%b1%9e%e7%bd%91%e7%ab%99\/"},"modified":"2026-06-04T00:49:42","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T16:49:42","slug":"wordpress-theme-development-beginner-guide-12375759","status":"publish","type":"knowledge_post","link":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/knowledge\/wordpress\/wordpress-theme-development-beginner-guide-12375759\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n giao di\u1ec7n WordPress: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1eabu giao di\u1ec7n website ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) c\u1ee7a WordPress quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a trang web, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 trang web n\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y. Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh trang web theo \u0111\u00fang nhu c\u1ea7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 phong c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (responsive design) v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trang web. Nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda cho b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng tr<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec3u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a theme WordPress<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p n\u1eb1m trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c `wp-content\/themes\/`.wp-content\/themes<\/code>C\u00e1c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c trong danh m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn WordPress c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung trang web c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (core files that constitute the theme)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7n \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai t\u1ec7p tin:style.css<\/code>\u548cindex.php<\/code>filestyle.css<\/code>Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng (stylesheet), m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u201cgi\u1ea5y t\u1edd t\u00f9y th\u00e2n\u201d c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) \u2013 ph\u1ea7n ghi ch\u00fa \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ec7p (header comment) ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 t\u00ean ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n, v.v. N\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y, WordPress s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theme WordPress: C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

fileindex.php<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme). Khi WordPress kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi trang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ec7p n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf. T\u1ec7p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac HTML c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a trang v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 (theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1).<\/p>\n\n\r\n

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\r\n \r\n UltaHost \u2013 Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 WordPress chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p <\/strong>\r\n
B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ho\u00e0n ti\u1ec1n trong 30 ng\u00e0y, b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, mua 3 n\u0103m \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i 50%<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n \r\n \"Logo\r\n \r\n <\/a>\r\n \r\n \r\n Truy c\u1eadp trang <\/a>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Khi c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean phong ph\u00fa h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.header.php<\/code>Th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u00e3 HTML. <head><\/code> C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean trang web, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a trang web (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Logo v\u00e0 menu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng). T\u1ec7p tin.footer.php<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung \u1edf cu\u1ed1i trang web, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n, c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p script \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o, v.v.sidebar.php<\/code>D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a khu v\u1ef1c n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a thanh b\u00ean (sidebar).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 trang web \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin (files).single.php<\/code>\u548cpage.php<\/code>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. T\u1ec7p tin.archive.php<\/code>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c trang ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, th\u1ebb, ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin l\u01b0u tr\u1eef kh\u00e1c; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin.search.php<\/code>\u548c404.php<\/code>V\u1eady l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 trang l\u1ed7i 404. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng nhau t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1eabu (template hierarchy) c\u1ee7a WordPress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Topic Information and Feature Declaration Document)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i rastyle.css<\/code>filefunctions.php<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p tin v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p tin m\u1eabu (template file), m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u201cth\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng\u201d (function library) c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme). B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0o t\u1ec7p n\u00e0y, \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c trong menu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 (tools), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng, n\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u1eddng (background) t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh, v.v. T\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i v\u00e0o khi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u quan tr\u1ecdng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa giao di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c th\u1ebb m\u1eabu v\u00e0 h\u00e0m c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ed9i dung theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme-based content processing).<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

WordPress cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn th\u1ebb m\u1eabu (template tags) v\u00e0 h\u00e0m (functions) t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trang web m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch dinh h\u1ed3ng trong c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam Tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chuy\u00ean gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

L\u1ea5y v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 trang web c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u1ed9i dung tr\u00ean trang web \u0111\u00f3.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0\u2026bloginfo()<\/code>\u6216get_bloginfo()<\/code>Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin chung v\u1ec1 trang web. V\u00ed d\u1ee5,bloginfo('name')<\/code>Xu\u1ea5t ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 trang web,bloginfo('stylesheet_url')<\/code>URL c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme style sheet):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft,the_title()<\/code>D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.the_content()<\/code>D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft. H\u00e0mthe_permalink()<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n (permanent link) c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00e8m v\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe Loop\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n (theme) cho WordPress. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 PHP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u00ean trang hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1eb7p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\r\n

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\r\n \r\n Hosting.com - l\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb <\/strong>\r\n
Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb CPU AMD EPYC, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef SSD NVMe v\u00e0 LiteSpeed, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u00ean gia n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 24 gi\u1edd\/ng\u00e0y, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m SSL, ch\u1ed1ng brute force, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u1edbi 73%.<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n \r\n \"Logo\r\n \r\n <\/a>\r\n \r\n \r\n Truy c\u1eadp trang <\/a>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<?php if ( have_posts() ) : while ( have_posts() ) : the_post(); ?>\n    <!-- \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528 the_title(), the_content() \u7b49\u6a21\u677f\u6807\u7b7e -->\n    <h2><?php the_title(); ?><\/h2>\n    <div><?php the_content(); ?><\/div>\n<?php endwhile; else : ?>\n    <p><?php esc_html_e( '\u62b1\u6b49\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5bb9\u3002', 'your-theme-textdomain' ); ?><\/p>\n<?php endif; ?><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u0110o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00f3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng.have_posts()<\/code>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3.while<\/code>L\u1eb7p qua t\u1eebng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1. B\u00ean trong v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c g\u1ecdi (call) c\u00e1c h\u00e0m\/c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft\u2026the_post()<\/code>H\u00e3y thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c (to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng), sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u1ebb m\u1eabu kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac trang web v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 (full page structure and styling)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac trang web r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n m\u00f4-\u0111un h\u00f3a, k\u00e8m theo c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea1o trang web b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template files)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
WordPress th\u00f4ng qua\u2026get_header()<\/code>\u3001get_footer()<\/code>\u548cget_sidebar()<\/code>C\u00e1c h\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trang web ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.index.php<\/code>C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c theo c\u00e1ch sau:<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theme WordPress: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theme ri\u00eang t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
<?php get_header(); ?>\n\n<main id="primary" class="site-main">\n    <?php\n    if ( have_posts() ) :\n        while ( have_posts() ) :\n            the_post();\n            get_template_part( 'template-parts\/content', get_post_type() );\n        endwhile;\n        the_posts_navigation();\n    else :\n        get_template_part( 'template-parts\/content', 'none' );\n    endif;\n    ?>\n<\/main>\n\n<?php get_sidebar(); ?>\n<?php get_footer(); ?><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.get_template_part()<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 m\u1eabu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i (v\u00ed d\u1ee5:\u2026)template-parts\/content.php<\/code>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh (responsive design) v\u00e0 CSS c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau (t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch \u0111a m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh).style.css<\/code>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf trang web, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng (Media Queries) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng trang web c\u00f3 giao di\u1ec7n hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb t\u1ed1t tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc CSS c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed HTML quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 CSS Reset ho\u1eb7c CSS Normalize \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\r\n
\r\n     \r\n  
\r\n    \r\n      M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a InterServer    <\/strong>\r\n    
L\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed $2,50 USD m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng, gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 $0,1 USD trong th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, m\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tryinterserver, v\u1edbi 461 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
WordPress khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u00eam c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch (plugins) ho\u1eb7c t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh (customizations) cho t\u1eebng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) c\u1ee7a trang web.rtl.css<\/code>Khi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef trang web \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eeb ph\u1ea3i sang tr\u00e1i, WordPress s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea3i t\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c phong c\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y (style reversal). \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, th\u00f4ng qua\u2026add_theme_support('responsive-embeds')<\/code>Trongfunctions.php<\/code>The statement ensures that the embedded content (such as YouTube videos) is also responsive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JavaScript v\u00e0 CSS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd m\u00e3 h\u00f3a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn script v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng (style sheets) trong t\u1ec7p template. C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0\u2026functions.php<\/code>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u201chook\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng (style sheets), h\u00e3y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.wp_enqueue_style()<\/code>H\u00e0m; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c script JavaScript, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang.wp_enqueue_script()<\/code>h\u00e0m, v\u00e0 g\u1eafn ch\u00fang v\u00e0owp_enqueue_scripts<\/code>hook n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function your_theme_scripts() {\n    wp_enqueue_style( 'your-theme-style', get_stylesheet_uri() );\n    wp_enqueue_script( 'your-theme-navigation', get_template_directory_uri() . '\/js\/navigation.js', array(), '1.0.0', true );\n}\nadd_action( 'wp_enqueue_scripts', 'your_theme_scripts' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p WordPress qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n (components), ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea3i ch\u00fang l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao cho ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng giao di\u1ec7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a WordPress \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao, gi\u00fap n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u00f9ng menu v\u00e0 widget<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd menu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u201cgiao di\u1ec7n n\u1ec1n\u201d (backend), b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i\u2026functions.php<\/code>s\u1eed d\u1ee5ngregister_nav_menus()<\/code>h\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u1ecb tr\u00ed menu trong ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
register_nav_menus(\n    array(\n        'menu-1' => esc_html__( '\u4e3b\u5bfc\u822a', 'your-theme-textdomain' ),\n        'footer' => esc_html__( '\u9875\u811a\u5bfc\u822a', 'your-theme-textdomain' ),\n    )\n);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Sau \u0111\u00f3, trong t\u1ec7p tin m\u1eabu (v\u00ed d\u1ee5:header.php<\/code>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ngwp_nav_menu()<\/code>H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi menu n\u00e0y. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u00e3y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.register_sidebar()<\/code>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch (gadget), cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a thanh b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh, ph\u1ea7n ch\u00e2n trang, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ea3 (drag) c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a WordPress hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng sau khi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201ctuy\u00ean b\u1ed1\u201d (declared support for those features). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua\u2026add_theme_support()<\/code>Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft (h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh thu nh\u1ecf):<\/p>\n\n\n\n
add_theme_support( 'post-thumbnails' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng tema c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh Logo, \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, th\u1ebb ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1, c\u00e1c th\u1ebb HTML5, v.v. Nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u00ednh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a tema v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a WordPress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
WordPress Customizer cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a giao di\u1ec7n (theme) m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3\u2026$wp_customize<\/code> Th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn API, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i l\u00ean t\u1ec7p, v.v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m hai b\u01b0\u1edbc: \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch.esc_html__(\u2018\u6587\u672c\u2019, \u2018your-theme-textdomain\u2019)<\/code>M\u1ed9t h\u00e0m d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 v\u1eady; th\u1ee9 hai, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Poedit \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00f3..pot<\/code>Vui l\u00f2ng cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch, v\u00e0 h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o trong t\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch cho b\u1ea1n.style.css<\/code>\u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong\u2026Text Domain<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00ean danh m\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb khi t\u1ea1o ra\u2026style.css<\/code>\u548cindex.php<\/code>B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu (template hierarchy), c\u00e1c h\u00e0m c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i (core functions), v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p (loops). B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a trang web, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3\u2026header.php<\/code>\u3001footer.php<\/code>C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang\u2026get_template_part()<\/code>B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u00f4-\u0111un h\u00f3a, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t khung ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 phong c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n, \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u00e1c menu v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n \u00edch, khai b\u00e1o h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u1eabn tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n chung v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7<\/p>\n\n\n\n
FAQ \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 HTML v\u00e0 CSS \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf giao di\u1ec7n trang web. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a PHP, v\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n giao di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a WordPress ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng m\u00e3 PHP. Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 JavaScript s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0o trang web. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong giao di\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a WordPress (WordPress Dashboard) l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Li\u1ec7u t\u1ec7p functions.php c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u2026functions.php<\/code>Vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p tin kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7p tin c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i h\u01a1n. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb n\u00ean s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c plugin \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap gi\u1eef cho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t (kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1edbi nhau<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o trongwp-config.php<\/code>The file will contain\u2026WP_DEBUG<\/code>H\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadptrue<\/code>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o PHP tr\u00ean trang web. Ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t (m\u1edf b\u1eb1ng ph\u00edm F12) \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i trong CSS v\u00e0 JavaScript, c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac HTML. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn logic ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng.error_log()<\/code>H\u00e0m ghi th\u00f4ng tin bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0o nh\u1eadt k\u00fd g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) m\u00e0 t\u00f4i t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i l\u00ean th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a WordPress kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t t\u1eeb danh m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a WordPress. Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef (\u0111a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef), c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00edch \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (\u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng), v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed hay m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a n\u00e0o. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u1ed9p ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khuy\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng plugin Theme Check \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9; plugin n\u00e0y s\u1ebd m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a WordPress v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) cho WordPress. N\u1ed9i dung bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (nh\u01b0 style.css, index.php, functions.php), ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin m\u1eabu (template files) ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u1ebb v\u00e0 h\u00e0m trong m\u1eabu, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p (loops). M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c m\u1eabu trang web t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[1942,806,1913,2879,1976],"knowledge_category":[280],"class_list":["post-12375759","knowledge_post","type-knowledge_post","status-publish","hentry","tag-web","tag-wordpress-development","tag-theme-making","tag-template-customization","tag-1976","knowledge_category-wordpress"],"acf":{"site_seo_keywords":"WordPress\u4e3b\u9898\u5f00\u53d1,\u7f51\u7ad9\u6a21\u677f\u5236\u4f5c,\u4e3b\u9898\u7ed3\u6784,\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6,WordPress\u5faa\u73af,\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u8bbe\u8ba1,\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u5efa\u7ad9,\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3b\u9898\u5f00\u53d1"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12375759","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledge_post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12375759\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12404921,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12375759\/revisions\/12404921"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12375759"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12375759"},{"taxonomy":"knowledge_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_category?post=12375759"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}