{"id":12377084,"date":"2026-03-19T03:53:05","date_gmt":"2026-03-18T19:53:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/knowledge\/%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1wordpress%e4%b8%bb%e9%a2%98%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e5%88%b0%e7%b2%be%e9%80%9a%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%e6%95%99\/"},"modified":"2026-06-03T20:39:26","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T12:39:26","slug":"complete-guide-to-wordpress-theme-development-from-beginner-to-expert","status":"publish","type":"knowledge_post","link":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/knowledge\/wordpress\/complete-guide-to-wordpress-theme-development-from-beginner-to-expert\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) cho WordPress: T\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao, k\u00e8m theo c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh chi ti\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hi\u1ec3u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t t\u1ec7p tin, nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a trang web. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 hai t\u1ec7p tin m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3:style.css<\/code>\u548cindex.php<\/code>Ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ede c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) c\u1ee7a WordPress ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p tin m\u1eabu (template file system). Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t trang, WordPress s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ec7p tin PHP n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean lo\u1ea1i trang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n: trang ch\u1ee7, trang b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, trang danh m\u1ee5c, v.v.) th\u00f4ng qua c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung cho t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i trang kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed5ng quan c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ec7p ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t t\u1ec7p tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7p tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft\u2026style.css<\/code>\u548cindex.php<\/code>M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n sau:functions.php<\/code>\u3001header.php<\/code>\u3001footer.php<\/code>\u3001sidebar.php<\/code>C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c trang kh\u00e1c nhau\u2026single.php<\/code>(B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft) V\u00e0page.php<\/code>(Trang web).functions.php<\/code>T\u1ec7p tin ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ed9 n\u00e3o\u201d c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trang web, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi, \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c trong menu, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp thanh b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh, v.v.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam Nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng giao di\u1ec7n website \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 0<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

style.css<\/code>T\u1ec7p tin kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng (style sheets) m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00fa \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ec7p (file headers) ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin metadata v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0 t\u00ean ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n, v.v. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t gi\u00fap WordPress nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\r\n

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\r\n \r\n UltaHost \u2013 Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 WordPress chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p <\/strong>\r\n
B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ho\u00e0n ti\u1ec1n trong 30 ng\u00e0y, b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, mua 3 n\u0103m \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i 50%<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n \r\n \"Logo\r\n \r\n <\/a>\r\n \r\n \r\n Truy c\u1eadp trang <\/a>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\/**\n * Theme Name: My Custom Theme\n * Author: Your Name\n * Description: A custom theme built from scratch.\n * Version: 1.0\n *\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn trang web tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb bao g\u1ed3m Local by Flywheel, XAMPP ho\u1eb7c MAMP \u2013 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t PHP, MySQL v\u00e0 WordPress ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t. Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o m\u00e3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd (nh\u01b0 VS Code, PhpStorm) v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n (nh\u01b0 Git) c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c trang web hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u00e3y t\u1ea1o th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme folder) \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t WordPress,wp-content\/themes\/<\/code>Trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c m\u1edbi, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0:my-first-theme<\/code>T\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh cho ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o hai t\u1ec7p tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3:style.css<\/code>\u548cindex.php<\/code>H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng\u2026style.css<\/code>H\u00e3y ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ec7p (file header) m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o giao di\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb WordPress, ch\u1ecdn m\u1ee5c \u201cNh\u00ecn\u201d (Appearance) -> \u201cCh\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1\u201d (Themes). B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean trang n\u00e0y; tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u00fac n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng hay t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress: T\u1eeb m\u00e3 nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u01b0a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1eabu c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc DRY (Don\u2019t Repeat Yourself \u2013 \u0110\u1eebng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n), c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1eabu (template components) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n chung ra kh\u1ecfi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.header.php<\/code>\u3001footer.php<\/code>\u548csidebar.php<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728index.php<\/code>trong \u0111\u00f3, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ngget_header()<\/code>\u3001get_footer()<\/code>\u548cget_sidebar()<\/code>C\u00e1c h\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y v\u00e0o trang web. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ebb m\u1eabu c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a WordPress; ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu c\u00f3 t\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ \u5728 index.php \u4e2d\u7684\u5178\u578b\u7ed3\u6784\n<?php get_header(); ?>\n\n<main id="main">\n    <?php\n    if ( have_posts() ) :\n        while ( have_posts() ) : the_post();\n            \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\n        endwhile;\n    endif;\n    ?>\n<\/main>\n\n<?php get_sidebar(); ?>\n<?php get_footer(); ?><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u0110i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1eabu c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p (core templates and loops)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u201cl\u1eb7p\u201d (loop) trong WordPress l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 PHP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem trang hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft (ho\u1eb7c trang n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c) hay kh\u00f4ng; n\u1ebfu c\u00f3, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u1eb7p qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\r\n
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\r\n    \r\n      Hosting.com - l\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb    <\/strong>\r\n    
Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb CPU AMD EPYC, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef SSD NVMe v\u00e0 LiteSpeed, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u00ean gia n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 24 gi\u1edd\/ng\u00e0y, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m SSL, ch\u1ed1ng brute force, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u1edbi 73%.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ch\u00ednh (main loop) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n (query operations)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1eb7p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau. N\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb danh s\u00e1ch b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<article>\n            <h2><?php the_title(); ?><\/h2>\n            <div><?php the_content(); ?><\/div>\n        <\/article><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Trong v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y,have_posts()<\/code>\u548cthe_post()<\/code>C\u00e1c h\u00e0m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c thi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c th\u1ebb m\u1eabu (template tags) nh\u01b0\u2026the_title()<\/code>\u548cthe_content()<\/code>D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea1o m\u1eabu trang t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o cho m\u1ed9t trang web c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p PHP m\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u00eam ghi ch\u00fa v\u1ec1 t\u00ean m\u1eabu (template name) \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theme WordPress: T\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao \u2013 C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu c\u00f3 t\u00eantemplate-fullwidth.php<\/code>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<?php\n\/**\n * Template Name: \u5168\u5bbd\u9875\u9762\n * Description: \u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u4fa7\u8fb9\u680f\u7684\u5168\u5bbd\u5ea6\u9875\u9762\u6a21\u677f\u3002\n *\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Sau khi l\u01b0u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, h\u00e3y v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb WordPress v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 trang n\u00e0o. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u201cTrang to\u00e0n m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh\u201d (Full-width Page) trong danh s\u00e1ch th\u1ea3 xu\u1ed1ng \u201cThu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh trang\u201d (Page Properties) -> \u201cM\u1eabu\u201d (Template). Ch\u1ecdn t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 trang \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng m\u1eabu t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\r\n
\r\n     \r\n  
\r\n    \r\n      M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a InterServer    <\/strong>\r\n    
L\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed $2,50 USD m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng, gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 $0,1 USD trong th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, m\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tryinterserver, v\u1edbi 461 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0m (function files) \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme).<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
functions.php<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u201cH\u1ed9p c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1\u201d (Theme Toolbox) c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c trong menu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9a ti\u1ec7n \u00edch nh\u1ecf (widgets), s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng (styles) v\u00e0 t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh (scripts) v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, c\u0169ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u00eam h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 menu \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ngadd_theme_support()<\/code>C\u00e1c h\u00e0m (functions) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a WordPress. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, vi\u1ec7c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u1ea3nh thu nh\u1ecf (thumbnails) cho b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong nhi\u1ec1u giao di\u1ec7n (themes) c\u1ee7a WordPress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function mytheme_setup() {\n    \/\/ \u652f\u6301\u6587\u7ae0\u7279\u8272\u56fe\u50cf\n    add_theme_support( 'post-thumbnails' );\n    \/\/ \u652f\u6301HTML5\u6807\u8bb0\uff08\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u8bba\u8868\u5355\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u8868\u5355\u7b49\uff09\n    add_theme_support( 'html5', array( 'comment-list', 'comment-form', 'search-form', 'gallery', 'caption', 'style', 'script' ) );\n    \/\/ \u652f\u6301\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49Logo\n    add_theme_support( 'custom-logo' );\n}\nadd_action( 'after_setup_theme', 'mytheme_setup' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u0103ng k\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng menu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbngregister_nav_menus()<\/code>Sau khi \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y trong ph\u1ea7n \u201cGiao di\u1ec7n\u201d -> \u201cMen\u00fc\u201d \u1edf ph\u00eda sau h\u1eadu tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (templates).wp_nav_menu()<\/code>H\u00e3y g\u1ecdi n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
register_nav_menus( array(\n    'primary' => __( '\u4e3b\u5bfc\u822a\u83dc\u5355', 'my-theme' ),\n    'footer'  => __( '\u9875\u811a\u83dc\u5355', 'my-theme' ),\n) );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ki\u1ec3u (styles) v\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n (scripts) v\u00e0o trang web m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd m\u00e3 h\u00f3a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ec7p CSS v\u00e0 JS trong t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template file). C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 tham chi\u1ebfu ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t.wp_enqueue_style()<\/code>\u548cwp_enqueue_script()<\/code>h\u00e0m, v\u00e0 g\u1eafn ch\u00fang v\u00e0owp_enqueue_scripts<\/code>N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc m\u00f3c n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function mytheme_scripts() {\n    \/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u4e3b\u9898\u4e3b\u6837\u5f0f\u8868\n    wp_enqueue_style( 'mytheme-style', get_stylesheet_uri() );\n    \/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49JavaScript\u6587\u4ef6\n    wp_enqueue_script( 'mytheme-navigation', get_template_directory_uri() . '\/js\/navigation.js', array(), '1.0', true );\n}\nadd_action( 'wp_enqueue_scripts', 'mytheme_scripts' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh giao di\u1ec7n theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (Implementing responsive design and theme customization)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau \u2013 t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u00e0n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u<\/p>\n\n\n\n
X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng CSS v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean d\u00e0nh cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng (mobile-first CSS)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c CSS theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u201cdi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean\u201d (mobile-first). Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, h\u00e3y vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh nh\u1ecf, sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng (media queries) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb t\u1eeb th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3 cho m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh l\u1edb<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/* \u57fa\u7840\u6837\u5f0f\uff08\u9488\u5bf9\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\uff09 *\/\n.container {\n    width: 100%;\n    padding: 1rem;\n}\n\n\/* \u4e2d\u7b49\u5c4f\u5e55\uff08\u5e73\u677f\uff09 *\/\n@media (min-width: 768px) {\n    .container {\n        width: 750px;\n        margin: 0 auto;\n    }\n}\n\n\/* \u5927\u5c4f\u5e55\uff08\u684c\u9762\uff09 *\/\n@media (min-width: 992px) {\n    .container {\n        width: 970px;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
T\u00edch h\u1ee3p b\u1ed9 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh WordPress<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
WordPress Customizer cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a giao di\u1ec7n (nh\u01b0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, ph\u00f4ng ch\u1eef) m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c.WP_Customize_Manager<\/code>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean trongfunctions.php<\/code>T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m trongcustomize_register<\/code>M\u00f3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function mytheme_customize_register( $wp_customize ) {\n    \/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9879\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3b\u9898\u8272\n    $wp_customize->add_setting( 'primary_color', array(\n        'default' => '#0073aa',\n        'sanitize_callback' => 'sanitize_hex_color',\n    ) );\n\n\/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u989c\u8272\u63a7\u4ef6\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u9762\u677f\u6216\u8282\n    $wp_customize->add_control( new WP_Customize_Color_Control( $wp_customize, 'primary_color', array(\n        'label'    => __( '\u4e3b\u9898\u4e3b\u8272', 'my-theme' ),\n        'section'  => 'colors',\n        'settings' => 'primary_color',\n    ) ) );\n}\nadd_action( 'customize_register', 'mytheme_customize_register' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang trong CSS c\u1ee7a ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc (frontend CSS).get_theme_mod( 'primary_color' )<\/code>L\u1ea5y c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng (styles) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng (dynamic styles).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) cho WordPress l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ec7p tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu (template) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p (loop) c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh nfunctions.php<\/code>T\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u201cinjection\u201d (th\u00eam n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0o trang web), \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau (responsive design) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a (customizable options), m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 v\u1ec1 b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Khi n\u1eafm v\u1eefng nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng giao di\u1ec7n WordPress m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb9p m\u1eaft v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi; vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, tham kh\u1ea3o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
FAQ \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theme WordPress c\u00f3 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o PHP kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u00fang v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng PHP v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. B\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n WordPress \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng PHP, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (templates), h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng (functions) \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o PHP. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebfn (variables), m\u1ea3ng (arrays), h\u00e0m (functions), v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p (loops), v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n (conditional statements), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0m v\u00e0 hook \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a WordPress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ec7p style.css li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng. Th\u00f4ng tin \u201cTheme Name\u201d trong ph\u1ea7n ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ec7p (file header) l\u00e0 m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng WordPress s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t theme. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, WordPress s\u1ebd coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t theme m\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng theme \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng l\u00ean trang web v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c trang web c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u1ed9t theme kh\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 d\u1ecbch \u0111a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef (i18n \u2013 Internationalization) c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1. Trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0m d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a WordPress \u0111\u1ec3 bao b\u1ecdc t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i v\u0103n b\u1ea3n nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:__( \u2018\u6587\u672c\u2019, \u2018my-theme-textdomain\u2019 )<\/code>\u6216_e( \u2018\u6587\u672c\u2019, \u2018my-theme-textdomain\u2019 )<\/code>Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Poedit \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft..pot<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu; nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c nhau..po<\/code>\u548c.mo<\/code>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ec7p tin \u0111\u00f3.load_theme_textdomain()<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con (sub-topic) v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 cha (parent-topic), v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con (sub-themes) th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng (styles) t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 cha (parent-theme), \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i an to\u00e0n tr\u00ean ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 cha, th\u00eam c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c ghi \u0111\u00e8 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. Khi b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh s\u00e2u m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1eb5n, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 cha m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t \u0111i nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con. Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t\u2026 (The sub-themes inherit all features and styles from the parent theme, allowing for safe modifications, additions, or overwriting of styles. Create a sub-theme when you want to make deep customizations basedstyle.css<\/code>V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eefafunctions.php<\/code>T\u1ec7p tin \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) cho WordPress, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh trong ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n style.css, index.php), c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1eabu (template system), v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u0169ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1eabu (template components), \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u1eb7p (loop) trong WordPress d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[638,1910,692,2144,2813],"knowledge_category":[280],"class_list":["post-12377084","knowledge_post","type-knowledge_post","status-publish","hentry","tag-wordpress-theme-development","tag-theme-development-tutorial","tag-practical-guide","tag-local-development-environment","tag-template-architecture","knowledge_category-wordpress"],"acf":{"site_seo_keywords":"WordPress\u4e3b\u9898\u5f00\u53d1,\u4e3b\u9898\u5236\u4f5c\u6559\u7a0b,\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6,functions.php,\u672c\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883,WordPress\u5faa\u73af,\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u53d1\u4e3b\u9898,\u5b9e\u6218\u4e3b\u9898\u521b\u5efa"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12377084","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledge_post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12377084\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12404125,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12377084\/revisions\/12404125"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12377084"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12377084"},{"taxonomy":"knowledge_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_category?post=12377084"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}