{"id":12377230,"date":"2026-03-19T05:31:56","date_gmt":"2026-03-18T21:31:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/knowledge\/ssl%e8%af%81%e4%b9%a6%e5%ae%8c%e5%85%a8%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e5%88%b0%e7%b2%be%e9%80%9a%ef%bc%8c%e4%bf%9d%e9%9a%9c%e7%bd%91%e7%ab%99%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e4%b8%8e\/"},"modified":"2026-03-19T05:39:21","modified_gmt":"2026-03-18T21:39:21","slug":"complete-guide-to-ssl-certificates-website-security-and-trust","status":"publish","type":"knowledge_post","link":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/knowledge\/ssl-certificate\/complete-guide-to-ssl-certificates-website-security-and-trust\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL: T\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 uy t\u00edn cho website"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng internet ng\u00e0y nay, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c trang web. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t trang web, vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa h\u1ecd v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nghe l\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y; n\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u201cchi\u1ebfc ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1\u201d gi\u00fap m\u00e3 h\u00f3a k\u00eanh th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa trang web v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n, b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed7i khi b\u1ea1n truy c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t trang web b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u201chttps:\/\/\u201d v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f3a m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y trong thanh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trang web \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p cho trang web \u0111\u00f3. D\u00f9 l\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin thanh to\u00e1n nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp, hay ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1edbt web th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, SSL \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm r\u00f5 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ee9ng sau n\u00f3 \u2013 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cm\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cgiao th\u1ee9c ch\u00e0o h\u1ecfi\u201d (handshake protocol).<\/p>\n<!-- AUTO_INTERNAL_LINKS_START --><p>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam <a href=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/hu\/knowledge\/ssl-certificate\/ssl-certificate-guide-types-buying-installation-security-deployment\/\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL: Lo\u1ea1i, c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn mua, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/a>\u3002<\/p><!-- AUTO_INTERNAL_LINKS_END -->\n\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa m\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Giao th\u1ee9c SSL\/TLS k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau. Khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n RSA ho\u1eb7c ECC) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang; kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m trong ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL, trong khi kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt. Khi m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch (tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t) k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 s\u1ebd g\u1eedi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<!-- AUTO_SYNCED_PATTERN_INSERT_START -->\n<div class=\"grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4 md:gap-6 mb-8 md:mb-10 mt-10\"> \r\n\t<!-- \u91cd\u590d\u5668\u5faa\u73af\u5f00\u59cb -->\r\n\t\t\r\n\t<!-- \u5546\u5bb6\u5361\u7247 -->\r\n\t<div class=\"bg-white dark:bg-gray-750 rounded-lg overflow-hidden shadow-md flex gap-1 flex-col     justify-between\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/tolink\/bluehost-ssl-certificates\/\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"flex items-start justify-between\"> \r\n\t\t\t<!-- \u5546\u5bb6logo -->\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"w-16 h-16 bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-500\/30 flex items-center justify-center flex-shrink-0 p-3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/20251231095917.webp\" alt=\"Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL Bluehost\" class=\"w-12 object-contain !dark-filter08\" title=\"\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<!-- \u5546\u5bb6\u4fe1\u606f -->\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"px-4 pt-2 flex-grow\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"flex justify-between items-start mb-2\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<strong class=\"text-xl font-bold\">Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL Bluehost<\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-300 !text-sm p-4 pb-0\">BlueHost SSL cung c\u1ea5p t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn gia h\u1ea1n t\u1eeb 1-2 n\u0103m, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n RSA ho\u1eb7c ECC, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i kh\u00f3a l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 4096 bit v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 1,75 tri\u1ec7u USD.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-4 md:gap-6 justify-between p-4\"> \r\n\t\t\t<!-- \u6807\u7b7e -->\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<!-- \u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u94fe\u63a5 --> \r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex justify-between items-center gap-3 flex-col\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-300 !text-sm line-clamp-1\">T\u1eeb 7,49 USD m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/tolink\/bluehost-ssl-certificates\/\" class=\"flex justify-end font-bold !text-lg !text-blue-600 dark:!text-blue-500\">Truy c\u1eadp ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL Bluehost \u2192<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t<!-- \u5546\u5bb6\u5361\u7247 -->\r\n\t<div class=\"bg-white dark:bg-gray-750 rounded-lg overflow-hidden shadow-md flex gap-1 flex-col     justify-between\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/tolink\/hosting-com-ssl-certificates\/\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"flex items-start justify-between\"> \r\n\t\t\t<!-- \u5546\u5bb6logo -->\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"w-16 h-16 bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-500\/30 flex items-center justify-center flex-shrink-0 p-3\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/20251227070008.webp\" alt=\"Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL hosting.com\" class=\"w-12 object-contain !dark-filter08\" title=\"\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<!-- \u5546\u5bb6\u4fe1\u606f -->\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"px-4 pt-2 flex-grow\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"flex justify-between items-start mb-2\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<strong class=\"text-xl font-bold\">Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL hosting.com<\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-300 !text-sm p-4 pb-0\">Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL DV, OV, EV gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 256 bit, s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 5 ~ 100 tri\u1ec7u USD, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 24\/7<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-4 md:gap-6 justify-between p-4\"> \r\n\t\t\t<!-- \u6807\u7b7e -->\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<!-- \u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u94fe\u63a5 --> \r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex justify-between items-center gap-3 flex-col\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-300 !text-sm line-clamp-1\">B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb $2.5 USD m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/tolink\/hosting-com-ssl-certificates\/\" class=\"flex justify-end font-bold !text-lg !text-blue-600 dark:!text-blue-500\">Truy c\u1eadp hosting.com Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL \u2192<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<!-- \u91cd\u590d\u5668\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u675f -->\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\n<!-- AUTO_SYNCED_PATTERN_INSERT_END -->\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t \u201ckh\u00f3a phi\u00ean\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, sau \u0111\u00f3 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. Ch\u1ec9 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201ckh\u00f3a phi\u00ean\u201d. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u201ckh\u00f3a phi\u00ean\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n. C\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f3a m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quy tr\u00ecnh giao th\u1ee9c b\u1eaft tay TLS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh giao ti\u1ebfp TLS ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i an to\u00e0n. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p \u201cClient Hello\u201d \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, trong \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n TLS m\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, danh s\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a (encryption suites), v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean (random number).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Server \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u201cServer Hello\u201d, ch\u1ecdn phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n TLS v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, sau \u0111\u00f3 g\u1eedi \u0111i s\u1ed1 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL. Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai c\u1ee7a server v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin danh t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi c\u01a1 quan c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 (CA \u2013 Certificate Authority).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 (xem li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 (CA) \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady hay kh\u00f4ng, li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hay kh\u00f4ng, li\u1ec7u t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 tr\u00f9ng kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hay kh\u00f4ng, v.v.). Sau khi ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai trong ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb, sau \u0111\u00f3 g\u1eedi n<\/p>\n<!-- AUTO_INTERNAL_LINKS_START --><p>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam <a href=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/hu\/knowledge\/ssl-certificate\/ssl-certificate-guide-principles-deployment-website-security-12376698\/\">Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL: T\u1eeb nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n khai, c\u1ea9m nang c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n website<\/a>\u3002<\/p><!-- AUTO_INTERNAL_LINKS_END -->\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 v\u00e0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai s\u1ed1 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean c\u00f9ng kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n (session keys) gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u201cgiao ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng tay\u201d (handshake) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL \u0111\u1ec1u cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ch\u00fang ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DV (Domain Validation) ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p nhanh nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t. C\u01a1 quan c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m tra quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c minh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 email \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: admin@t\u00eanmi\u1ec1n), \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p tin nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a trang web, ho\u1eb7c th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi DNS. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c minh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i ph\u00fat.<\/p>\n<!-- AUTO_SYNCED_PATTERN_INSERT_START -->\n\n  <div class=\"flex justify-between items-center flex-col lg:flex-row xl:flex-col 2xl:flex-row gap-6 sm:gap-8 rounded-lg border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 p-4 mb-8 lg:mb-10 sm:p-6 bg-white dark:bg-gray-750 shadow-md transition-colors duration-300\"\n         data-link=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/tolink\/ultahost-ssl-certificates\/\">\n\n      <div class=\"flex flex-col gap-3 gap-4 sm:gap-6 w-full\">\n        <strong class=\"text-2xl font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-200\">Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL c\u1ee7a UltaHost<\/strong>\n        <div class=\"text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 word-word\">Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 DV, EV, OV, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m t\u1ed1i \u0111a $1,750,000 USD, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n ph\u1ee5, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng iOS v\u00e0 Android, \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i gi\u00e1 t\u1eeb 20% m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed $15,95 USD, b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh ho\u00e0n ti\u1ec1n trong v\u00f2ng 30 ng\u00e0y.<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <div class=\"flex items-center flex-col md:flex-row lg:flex-col xl:flex-row 2xl:flex-col gap-6 shrink-0\">\n                  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/tolink\/ultahost-ssl-certificates\/\">\n                          <!-- \u767d\u5929 -->\n              <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/20251227020448.webp\" alt=\"Logo ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL\" class=\"content-promotion-card-icon h-9 min-h-9 dark:hidden\" title=\"\">\n              <!-- \u591c\u95f4 -->\n              <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/20251229052118.webp\" alt=\"Logo ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL\" class=\"content-promotion-card-icon h-9 min-h-9 hidden dark:block\" title=\"\">\n                      <\/a>\n          \n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/tolink\/ultahost-ssl-certificates\/\"\n           class=\"bg-blue-500 w-full md:w-auto lg:w-full xl:w-auto 2xl:w-full text-center !text-white dark:!text-gray-200 !px-5 !py-1.5 rounded-full hover:bg-blue-600 transition-colors\">\n          Truy c\u1eadp UltaHost        <\/a>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n<!-- AUTO_SYNCED_PATTERN_INSERT_END -->\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 DV r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c trang web c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, blog, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c danh t\u00ednh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u00e3 h\u00f3a c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng t\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3; do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 DV \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c trang web th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 OV cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 DV. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c minh quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 (CA) c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, v.v. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ea5t v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p, th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 OV s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m t\u00ean c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f3a \u1edf thanh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 xem chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o t\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ee9ng sau trang web. Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 OV l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c trang web th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, trang web ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh kinh doanh \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n<!-- AUTO_INTERNAL_LINKS_START --><p>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam <a href=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/hu\/knowledge\/ssl-certificate\/what-is-ssl-certificate-complete-guide-principles-types-application-installation\/\">SSL Certificate l\u00e0 g\u00ec? H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean l\u00fd, lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t<\/a>\u3002<\/p><!-- AUTO_INTERNAL_LINKS_END -->\n\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">EV ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd EV ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c minh s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p th\u01b0 t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb k\u1ebf to<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0, trong c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 EV (Extended Validation), khi truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c trang web \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 EV, thanh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f3a m\u00e0 c\u00f2n hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb t\u00ean c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ch\u1eef in \u0111\u1eadm m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u tin c\u1eady tr\u1ef1c quan \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c trang web th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m cao nh\u01b0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed l\u1edbn. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a giao di\u1ec7n hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 EV, quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u1eb1ng sau n\u00f3 v\u1eabn khi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL cho trang web l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o c\u1eb7p kh\u00f3a v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t. M\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quy tr\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang (private key) v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u00fd ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 (Certificate Signing Request \u2013 CSR) tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o. CSR ch\u1ee9a kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng (public key) c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n, th\u00f4ng tin t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, v.v.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 n\u1ed9p t\u1ec7p CSR (Certificate Signing Request) \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 quan c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn, v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng t\u00f9y theo lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 DV (Domain Validation), qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra kh\u00e1 nhanh; trong khi \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 OV\/EV (Organizational Validation\/Extended Validation), b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 (CA \u2013 Certificate Authority) v\u00e0 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh xem x<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 (CA \u2013 Certificate Authority) s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1ec7p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u1ec7p c\u00f3 \u0111u\u00f4i `. crt` ho\u1eb7c `. pem`). B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ec7p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn chu\u1ed7i ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3). H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o mua ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady; c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y trong \u201cb\u1ed9 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 g\u1ed1c\u201d c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chu\u1ed7i tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ec7p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang (private key) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Web. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho hai lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 Nginx v\u00e0 Apache:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Nginx, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (server block). Trong ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh d\u00e0nh cho c\u1ed5ng 443, h\u00e3y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">ssl_certificate<\/code>L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ec7p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n (bao g\u1ed3m chu\u1ed7i ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9), \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh\u2026<code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">ssl_certificate_key<\/code>L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ec7p ch\u1ee9a kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n SSL\/TLS kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 SSLv2, SSLv3).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Apache, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 SSL trong c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ea3o (virtual host) v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">SSLCertificateFile<\/code>\u548c<code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">SSLCertificateKeyFile<\/code>C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">SSLProtocol<\/code>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n TLS an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, h\u00e3y kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Web \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. Ti\u1ebfp theo, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u truy c\u1eadp qua HTTP \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng sang HTTPS. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng lu\u00f4n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec sau khi tri\u1ec3n khai<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra SSL tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 SSL Test c\u1ee7a SSL Labs) \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e9t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, ki\u1ec3m tra xem ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng, li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn (CA) \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady hay kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 xem li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 OCSP hay kh\u00f4ng; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb A \u0111\u1ebfn F. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng A ho\u1eb7c A+.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bc1\u4e66\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u6709\u6548\u671f\u7ba1\u7406\u3002SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u90fd\u6709\u6709\u6548\u671f\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u4e00\u5e74\u6216\u66f4\u77ed\uff09\uff0c\u8fc7\u671f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f51\u7ad9\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5e76\u51fa\u73b0\u5b89\u5168\u8b66\u544a\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u5efa\u7acb\u76d1\u63a7\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5728\u8bc1\u4e66\u5230\u671f\u524d\u53ca\u65f6\u7eed\u8ba2\u548c\u66f4\u6362\u3002\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u5982Certbot\uff08\u914d\u5408Let\u2018s Encrypt\u514d\u8d39\u8bc1\u4e66\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u5173\u6ce8\u52a0\u5bc6\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u65b0\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e2ng cao v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t (Advanced Applications and Best Practices)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 li\u00ean quan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a trang web.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tri\u1ec3n khai HTTP\/2 v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t giao th\u1ee9c HTTP\/2. So v\u1edbi HTTP\/1.1, HTTP\/2 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng (multiplexing), n\u00e9n ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 (header compression), v\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (server push), gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i trang web.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t HTTP\/2, th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n b\u1eadt c\u00e1c module t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u00f3 (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Nginx 1.9.5+ ho\u1eb7c Apache 2.4.17+). Khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi HTTPS, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an ninh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c b\u1eadt c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c phi\u00ean TLS (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh phi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 phi\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh do c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1ec9 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7; c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, c\u1ea7n v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n giao th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng TLS 1.2 v\u00e0 TLS 1.3. TLS 1.3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i (handshake) h\u01a1n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ee9 hai, h\u00e3y c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c g\u00f3i m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f3a c\u00f3 t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u (nh\u01b0 ECDHE), k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd (nh\u01b0 AES-GCM). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00e9p trao \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t HSTS (HTTP Strict Transport Security) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn HSTS v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 (header) c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i HTTP.<code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Strict-Transport-Security<\/code>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o trang web \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4ng qua giao th\u1ee9c HTTPS trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u1ed9t n\u0103m). Ngay c\u1ea3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 HTTP ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 HTTP, tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng chuy\u1ec3n sang giao th\u1ee9c HTTPS. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m l\u1ea5y c\u1eafp th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng SSL (SSL stripping attacks). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c trang web quan tr\u1ecdng, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch t\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc (pre-load list) c\u1ee7a tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t theo ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch HSTS (HTTP Strict Transport Security).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSL ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c trang web. N\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111ang truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c danh t\u00ednh. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 DV \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 EV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c blog c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng sau \u0111\u00f3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c HTTPS, k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t HSTS, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c HTTP\/2, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trang web c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi mang l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m truy c\u1eadp t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda an ninh m\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 SSL\/TLS l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trang web.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">FAQ \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u514d\u8d39\u8bc1\u4e66\uff08\u5982Let\u2018s Encrypt\u9881\u53d1\u7684\uff09\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u57df\u540d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u578b\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0e\u4ed8\u8d39DV\u8bc1\u4e66\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u652f\u6301\u3001\u4fdd\u9669\u62c5\u4fdd\u548c\u8bc1\u4e66\u7c7b\u578b\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u4ed8\u8d39\u8bc1\u4e66\u63d0\u4f9b\u4eba\u5de5\u5ba2\u670d\u652f\u6301\u3001\u56e0\u8bc1\u4e66\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u6cc4\u9732\u7684\u8d54\u507f\u4fdd\u9669\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u7533\u8bf7OV\u6216EV\u7b49\u9700\u8981\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u514d\u8d39\u8bc1\u4e66\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u4e2a\u4eba\u9879\u76ee\u6216\u9884\u7b97\u6709\u9650\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u800c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\u901a\u5e38\u9009\u62e9\u4ed8\u8d39\u8bc1\u4e66\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u4fe1\u4efb\u80cc\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o khi trang web truy c\u1eadp ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n sau khi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai giao th\u1ee9c SSL\/TLS th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cqu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh giao ti\u1ebfp\u201d \u2013 handshake). Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed n\u00e2ng cao t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c phi\u00ean TLS (session resumption) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh giao ti\u1ebfp m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1edbi di\u1ec5n ra. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c HTTP\/2 gi\u00fap t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i TLS duy nh\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 trong truy c\u1eadp. Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 RSA sang ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ECC hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c trang web s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HTTPS sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c trang web s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HTTP; th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n nhanh h\u01a1n nh\u1edd v\u00e0o<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111a t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n (multi-domain certificate) ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a k\u00fd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n (%s, %1$s, {{var}})?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: example.com, example.net, shop.example.org), b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111a t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n, v\u00ec lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh c\u00f9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n con c\u00f9ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: *.example.com, bao g\u1ed3m www.example.com, mail.example.com, blog.example.com, v.v.), th\u00ec ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a k\u00fd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n (* \u2013 wildcard certificate) l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t. L\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a k\u00fd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n con c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: *.example.com kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 a.b.example.com), v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t trang web c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00e0y qua v\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u00e3y truy c\u1eadp trang web b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u201chttps:\/\/\u201d v\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f3a hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u00ean thanh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9. Nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 xem chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, ki\u1ec3m tra xem ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, c\u01a1 quan c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd cho t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 SSL Labs SSL Test, nh\u1eadp t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh qu\u00e9t s\u00e2u. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p b\u00e1o c\u00e1o chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 (\u0111i\u1ec3m A l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t), ch\u1ec9 ra b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh n\u00e0o (nh\u01b0 giao th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n, b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a y\u1ebfu, chu\u1ed7i ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, v.v.), \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SSL ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean website v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd m\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i (handshake) c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c SSL\/TLS, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ba lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9: ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n (Domain Validation \u2013 DV), ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c (Organization Validation \u2013 OV) v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (Extended Validation \u2013 EV). Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u0169ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn khi tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, nh\u1eb1m cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a HTTPS tr\u00ean website.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[11,336,319],"knowledge_category":[277],"class_list":["post-12377230","knowledge_post","type-knowledge_post","status-publish","hentry","tag-ssl-certificate","tag-encryption-technology","tag-website-security","knowledge_category-ssl-certificate"],"acf":{"site_seo_keywords":"SSL\u8bc1\u4e66,\u7f51\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168,HTTPS,TLS\u63e1\u624b,\u52a0\u5bc6\u6280\u672f,\u57df\u540d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bc1\u4e66,OV SSL\u8bc1\u4e66,EV\u8bc1\u4e66\u7533\u8bf7"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12377230","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledge_post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12377230\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12377230"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12377230"},{"taxonomy":"knowledge_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_category?post=12377230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}