{"id":12380235,"date":"2026-03-21T00:25:12","date_gmt":"2026-03-20T16:25:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/knowledge\/wordpress%e4%b8%bb%e9%a2%98%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e9%9b%b6%e5%88%b0%e4%b8%80%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e8%87%aa%e5%ae%9a%e4%b9%89%e4%b8%bb%e9%a2%98%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4\/"},"modified":"2026-06-04T01:45:45","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T17:45:45","slug":"wordpress-theme-development-guide-from-scratch-12380235","status":"publish","type":"knowledge_post","link":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/knowledge\/wordpress\/wordpress-theme-development-guide-from-scratch-12380235\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f3"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khuy\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 Local by Flywheel, MAMP ho\u1eb7c XAMPP \u2013 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng bao g\u1ed3m PHP, MySQL v\u00e0 Apache\/Nginx tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Sau khi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t xong m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, h\u00e3y t\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a WordPress. Ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u00e3y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t WordPress\u2026 <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">wp-content\/themes<\/code> th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c, t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c m\u1edbi, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">my-custom-theme<\/code>\u0110\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c g\u1ed1c (root directory) cho ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i cho ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme core files)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n hai t\u1ec7p tin:<code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">style.css<\/code> \u548c <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">index.php<\/code>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o\u2026 <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">style.css<\/code> T\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y (styles), m\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ec7p (header), b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 (declare) ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho WordPress.<\/p>\n<!-- AUTO_INTERNAL_LINKS_START --><p>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam <a href=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/fr\/knowledge\/wordpress\/wordpress-theme-development-guide-create-custom-website-theme-from-scratch\/\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn T\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Giao di\u1ec7n WordPress: T\u1ea1o Giao di\u1ec7n T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho Website WordPress t\u1eeb Con s\u1ed1 0<\/a>\u3002<\/p><!-- AUTO_INTERNAL_LINKS_END -->\n\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\"><code class=\"language-css\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\/*\nTheme Name: My Custom Theme\nTheme URI: https:\/\/yourdomain.com\/\nAuthor: Your Name\nAuthor URI: https:\/\/yourdomain.com\/\nDescription: \u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49 WordPress \u4e3b\u9898\u3002\nVersion: 1.0.0\nLicense: GPL v2 or later\nText Domain: my-custom-theme\n*\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Text Domain<\/code> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u00f3a; n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh cho v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch sau n\u00e0y. Ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o ra phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">index.php<\/code> C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac HTML \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o hai t\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y trong m\u1ee5c \u201cGiao di\u1ec7n\u201d -&gt; \u201cCh\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1\u201d (Appearance -&gt; Themes) tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng WordPress.<\/p>\n<!-- AUTO_SYNCED_PATTERN_INSERT_START -->\n\r\n<div class=\"flex justify-between items-center flex-col lg:flex-row xl:flex-col 2xl:flex-row gap-6 sm:gap-8 rounded-lg border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 p-4 mb-8 lg:mb-10 sm:p-6 bg-white dark:bg-gray-750 shadow-md transition-colors duration-300\"\r\n     data-link=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/tolink\/ultahost-wordpress-hosting\/\">\r\n     \r\n  <div class=\"flex flex-col gap-3 gap-4 sm:gap-6 w-full\">\r\n    <strong class=\"text-2xl font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-200\">\r\n      UltaHost \u2013 Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 WordPress chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p    <\/strong>\r\n    <div class=\"text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 word-word\">B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ho\u00e0n ti\u1ec1n trong 30 ng\u00e0y, b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, mua 3 n\u0103m \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i 50%<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"flex items-center flex-col md:flex-row lg:flex-col xl:flex-row 2xl:flex-col gap-6 shrink-0\">\r\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/tolink\/ultahost-wordpress-hosting\/\">\r\n                  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/20251227020448.webp\" alt=\"Logo UltaHost\" class=\"content-promotion-card-icon h-9 min-h-9 dark:hidden\" title=\"\">\r\n          <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/20251229052118.webp\" alt=\"Logo UltaHost\" class=\"content-promotion-card-icon h-9 min-h-9 hidden dark:block\" title=\"\">\r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/tolink\/ultahost-wordpress-hosting\/\"\r\n       class=\"bg-blue-500 w-full md:w-auto lg:w-full xl:w-auto 2xl:w-full text-center !text-white dark:!text-gray-200 !px-5 !py-1.5 rounded-full hover:bg-blue-600 transition-colors\">\r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n<!-- AUTO_SYNCED_PATTERN_INSERT_END -->\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (Theme Structure and Template Hierarchy)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu (templates) trong WordPress l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n (themes) cho n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch WordPress t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean lo\u1ea1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n: trang b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, trang th\u00f4ng tin, danh m\u1ee5c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">WordPress s\u1ebd t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p template theo m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Quy tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb template c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i template chung nh\u1ea5t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, WordPress s\u1ebd t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 sau:<code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">single-post-{id}.php<\/code>, <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">single-post.php<\/code>, <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">single.php<\/code>\uff0ccu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">singular.php<\/code>N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u2026 <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">index.php<\/code>T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, trang ch\u1ee7 s\u1ebd t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tr\u01b0\u1edbc. <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">front-page.php<\/code>V\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn\u2026 <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">home.php<\/code>Vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c trang web kh\u00e1c nhau b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template files) ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1ea1o c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i ra <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">index.php<\/code>B\u1ea1n n\u00ean t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu quan tr\u1ecdng sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh:<br \/>\n- <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">header.php<\/code>Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u trang web, bao g\u1ed3m <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">&lt;head&gt;<\/code> Khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00eda tr\u00ean.<br \/>\n- <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">footer.php<\/code>Ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi trang web.<br \/>\n- <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">sidebar.php<\/code>:B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh.<br \/>\n- <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">functions.php<\/code>T\u1ec7p tin ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme function file), d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi, \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c trong menu, khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 (toolbars), v.v.<br \/>\n- <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">page.php<\/code>:D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t trang web ri\u00eang l\u1ebb.<br \/>\n- <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">single.php<\/code>:D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft duy nh\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n- <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">archive.php<\/code>:D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c trang l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nh\u01b0 danh m\u1ee5c, th\u1ebb, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, v.v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">index.php<\/code> Trong \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u2026 <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">get_header()<\/code>, <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">get_footer()<\/code>, <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">get_sidebar()<\/code> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u1ebb m\u1eabu (template tags) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo nguy\u00ean l\u00fd m\u00f4-\u0111un (modular design) v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n<!-- AUTO_INTERNAL_LINKS_START --><p>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam <a href=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/fr\/knowledge\/wordpress\/wordpress-theme-development-guide-from-beginner-to-expert-12379172\/\">Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao<\/a>\u3002<\/p><!-- AUTO_INTERNAL_LINKS_END -->\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn giao di\u1ec7n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">functions.php<\/code> T\u1ec7p tin ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ed9 n\u00e3o\u201d c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n; to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 logic ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (backend) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u00ean trong t\u1ec7p tin n\u00e0y. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea3i v\u00e0o khi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o (initiated).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00eam h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (themes) v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd (registration).<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00f4ng qua <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">add_theme_support()<\/code> B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai b\u00e1o c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, vi\u1ec7c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u1ea3nh thu nh\u1ecf (h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n) cho b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\"><code class=\"language-php\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">function my_theme_setup() {\n    \/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u6587\u7ae0\u548c\u8bc4\u8bba\u7684 RSS feed \u94fe\u63a5\u5230 head\n    add_theme_support( &#039;automatic-feed-links&#039; );\n    \/\/ \u542f\u7528\u6587\u7ae0\u7f29\u7565\u56fe\u529f\u80fd\n    add_theme_support( &#039;post-thumbnails&#039; );\n    \/\/ \u542f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u83dc\u5355\u529f\u80fd\n    add_theme_support( &#039;menus&#039; );\n    \/\/ \u8ba9 WordPress \u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u6863\u6807\u9898\n    add_theme_support( &#039;title-tag&#039; );\n    \/\/ \u542f\u7528\u5bf9\u53e4\u817e\u5821\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u7684\u5bbd\u5bf9\u9f50\u548c\u989c\u8272\u652f\u6301\n    add_theme_support( &#039;align-wide&#039; );\n    add_theme_support( &#039;editor-color-palette&#039;, array( \/* ... *\/ ) );\n}\nadd_action( &#039;after_setup_theme&#039;, &#039;my_theme_setup&#039; );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c trong menu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch nh\u1ecf (b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh).<\/p>\n<!-- AUTO_SYNCED_PATTERN_INSERT_START -->\n\r\n<div class=\"flex justify-between items-center flex-col lg:flex-row xl:flex-col 2xl:flex-row gap-6 sm:gap-8 rounded-lg border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 p-4 mb-8 lg:mb-10 sm:p-6 bg-white dark:bg-gray-750 shadow-md transition-colors duration-300\"\r\n     data-link=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/tolink\/hosting-shared-hosting\/\">\r\n     \r\n  <div class=\"flex flex-col gap-3 gap-4 sm:gap-6 w-full\">\r\n    <strong class=\"text-2xl font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-200\">\r\n      Hosting.com - l\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb    <\/strong>\r\n    <div class=\"text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 word-word\">Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb CPU AMD EPYC, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef SSD NVMe v\u00e0 LiteSpeed, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u00ean gia n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 24 gi\u1edd\/ng\u00e0y, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m SSL, ch\u1ed1ng brute force, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u1edbi 73%.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"flex items-center flex-col md:flex-row lg:flex-col xl:flex-row 2xl:flex-col gap-6 shrink-0\">\r\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/tolink\/hosting-shared-hosting\/\">\r\n                  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/20250901222940.svg\" alt=\"Logo c\u1ee7a Hosting.com\" class=\"content-promotion-card-icon h-9 min-h-9 dark:hidden\" title=\"\">\r\n          <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/20251228220957.webp\" alt=\"Logo c\u1ee7a Hosting.com\" class=\"content-promotion-card-icon h-9 min-h-9 hidden dark:block\" title=\"\">\r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/tolink\/hosting-shared-hosting\/\"\r\n       class=\"bg-blue-500 w-full md:w-auto lg:w-full xl:w-auto 2xl:w-full text-center !text-white dark:!text-gray-200 !px-5 !py-1.5 rounded-full hover:bg-blue-600 transition-colors\">\r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n<!-- AUTO_SYNCED_PATTERN_INSERT_END -->\n\n\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\"><code class=\"language-php\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">function my_theme_menus() {\n    register_nav_menus( array(\n        &#039;primary&#039; =&amp;gt; __( &#039;\u4e3b\u5bfc\u822a\u83dc\u5355&#039;, &#039;my-custom-theme&#039; ),\n        &#039;footer&#039;  =&amp;gt; __( &#039;\u5e95\u90e8\u83dc\u5355&#039;, &#039;my-custom-theme&#039; ),\n    ) );\n}\nadd_action( &#039;init&#039;, &#039;my_theme_menus&#039; );\n\nfunction my_theme_widgets_init() {\n    register_sidebar( array(\n        &#039;name&#039;          =&amp;gt; __( &#039;\u4e3b\u4fa7\u8fb9\u680f&#039;, &#039;my-custom-theme&#039; ),\n        &#039;id&#039;            =&amp;gt; &#039;sidebar-1&#039;,\n        &#039;description&#039;   =&amp;gt; __( &#039;\u5728\u6b64\u6dfb\u52a0\u5c0f\u5de5\u5177\u3002&#039;, &#039;my-custom-theme&#039; ),\n        &#039;before_widget&#039; =&amp;gt; &#039;&lt;section id=&quot;%1$s&quot; class=&quot;widget %2$s&quot;&gt;&#039;,\n        &#039;after_widget&#039;  =&amp;gt; &#039;&lt;\/section&gt;&#039;,\n        &#039;before_title&#039;  =&amp;gt; &#039;&lt;h2 class=&quot;widget-title&quot;&gt;&#039;,\n        &#039;after_title&#039;   =&amp;gt; &#039;&lt;\/h2&gt;&#039;,\n    ) );\n}\nadd_action( &#039;widgets_init&#039;, &#039;my_theme_widgets_init&#039; );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu (style sheets) v\u00e0 t\u1ec7p script<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua\u2026 <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">wp_enqueue_style()<\/code> \u548c <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">wp_enqueue_script()<\/code> h\u00e0m, g\u1eafn ch\u00fang v\u00e0o <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">wp_enqueue_scripts<\/code> hook.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\"><code class=\"language-php\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">function my_theme_scripts() {\n    \/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u4e3b\u6837\u5f0f\u8868\n    wp_enqueue_style( &#039;my-theme-style&#039;, get_stylesheet_uri(), array(), wp_get_theme()-&gt;get(&#039;Version&#039;) );\n\n\/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49 JavaScript \u6587\u4ef6\n    wp_enqueue_script( &#039;my-theme-navigation&#039;, get_template_directory_uri() . &#039;\/js\/navigation.js&#039;, array(), wp_get_theme()-&gt;get(&#039;Version&#039;), true );\n\n\/\/ \u5982\u679c\u8bc4\u8bba\u529f\u80fd\u5f00\u542f\u4e14\u662f\u5355\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\/\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u52a0\u8f7d\u8bc4\u8bba\u56de\u590d\u811a\u672c\n    if ( is_singular() &amp;&amp; comments_open() &amp;&amp; get_option( &#039;thread_comments&#039; ) ) {\n        wp_enqueue_script( &#039;comment-reply&#039; );\n    }\n}\nadd_action( &#039;wp_enqueue_scripts&#039;, &#039;my_theme_scripts&#039; );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1eb7p (Looping) v\u00e0 Th\u1ebb M\u1eabu (Template Tags)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cV\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p\u201d (loop) l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong WordPress \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy xu\u1ea5t n\u1ed9i dung t\u1eeb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u00f3 tr\u00ean trang web. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean trang web.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template files), b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 sau; \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ch\u00ednh (main loop) c\u1ee7a WordPress.<\/p>\n<!-- AUTO_INTERNAL_LINKS_START --><p>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam <a href=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/fr\/knowledge\/wordpress\/wordpress-theme-development-from-beginner-to-expert-2026\/\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng<\/a>\u3002<\/p><!-- AUTO_INTERNAL_LINKS_END -->\n\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\"><code class=\"language-php\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">&lt;article id=&quot;post-&lt;?php the_ID(); ?&gt;&quot; no numeric noise key 1008&gt;\n            &lt;header class=&quot;entry-header&quot;&gt;\n                &lt;h2 class=&quot;entry-title&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;\/vi\/&lt;\/?php the_permalink(); ?&gt;&quot;&gt;&lt;?php the_title(); ?&gt;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/h2&gt;\n            &lt;\/header&gt;\n            &lt;div class=&quot;entry-content&quot;&gt;\n                &lt;?php the_content(); ?&gt;\n            &lt;\/div&gt;\n        &lt;\/article&gt;\n    \n    &lt;p&gt;&lt;?php _e( &#039;\u62b1\u6b49\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5bb9\u3002&#039;, &#039;my-custom-theme&#039; ); ?&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;?php endif; ?&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">have_posts()<\/code> \u548c <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">the_post()<\/code> H\u00e0m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p.<code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">the_title()<\/code>, <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">the_content()<\/code>, <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">the_permalink()<\/code> C\u00e1c th\u1ebb m\u1eabu nh\u01b0 `` v\u00e0 `` \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3. <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">is_home()<\/code>, <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">is_single()<\/code>, <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">is_page()<\/code> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u1ebb \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i trang hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c logic kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh truy v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00f4i khi b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ch\u00ednh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t danh m\u1ee5c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean trang ch\u1ee7. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch sau: <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">WP_Query<\/code> B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u1edbp (classes) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n<!-- AUTO_SYNCED_PATTERN_INSERT_START -->\n\r\n<div class=\"flex justify-between items-center flex-col lg:flex-row xl:flex-col 2xl:flex-row gap-6 sm:gap-8 rounded-lg border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 p-4 mb-8 lg:mb-10 sm:p-6 bg-white dark:bg-gray-750 shadow-md transition-colors duration-300\"\r\n     data-link=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/tolink\/interserver-webhosting\/\">\r\n     \r\n  <div class=\"flex flex-col gap-3 gap-4 sm:gap-6 w-full\">\r\n    <strong class=\"text-2xl font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-200\">\r\n      M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a InterServer    <\/strong>\r\n    <div class=\"text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 word-word\">L\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed $2,50 USD m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng, gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 $0,1 USD trong th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, m\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tryinterserver, v\u1edbi 461 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"flex items-center flex-col md:flex-row lg:flex-col xl:flex-row 2xl:flex-col gap-6 shrink-0\">\r\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/tolink\/interserver-webhosting\/\">\r\n                  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/20251228045033.svg\" alt=\"Logo c\u1ee7a InterServer\" class=\"content-promotion-card-icon h-9 min-h-9 dark:hidden\" title=\"\">\r\n          <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/20251229054830.webp\" alt=\"Logo c\u1ee7a InterServer\" class=\"content-promotion-card-icon h-9 min-h-9 hidden dark:block\" title=\"\">\r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/tolink\/interserver-webhosting\/\"\r\n       class=\"bg-blue-500 w-full md:w-auto lg:w-full xl:w-auto 2xl:w-full text-center !text-white dark:!text-gray-200 !px-5 !py-1.5 rounded-full hover:bg-blue-600 transition-colors\">\r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n<!-- AUTO_SYNCED_PATTERN_INSERT_END -->\n\n\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\"><code class=\"language-php\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">&lt;?php\n$custom_query = new WP_Query( array(\n    &#039;category_name&#039; =&gt; &#039;featured&#039;,\n    &#039;posts_per_page&#039; =&gt; 3,\n) );\nif ( $custom_query-&gt;have_posts() ) :\n    while ( $custom_query-&gt;have_posts() ) : $custom_query-&gt;the_post();\n        \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9...\n    endwhile;\n    wp_reset_postdata(); \/\/ \u91cd\u7f6e\u5168\u5c40 $post \u6570\u636e\nendif;\n?&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t theme WordPress t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u1ed9ng. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c template (m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf), v\u00ec ch\u00fang quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh logic hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb trang web; vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o c\u00e1c template n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">functions.php<\/code> H\u00e3y m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) v\u00e0 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cv\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p\u201d (loop) \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a WordPress (nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ed7, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0m d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt, b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ee7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1), b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">FAQ \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 PHP (d\u00f9ng cho logic ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c m\u1eabu trang), HTML\/CSS (d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf giao di\u1ec7n), v\u00e0 JavaScript (d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c tr\u00ean trang web). \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a WordPress, nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c m\u1eabu trang, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Hook, Action v\u00e0 Filter, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u1eb7p (The Loop), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0m v\u00e0 l\u1edbp m\u00e0 WordPress cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o Gutenberg?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, trong <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">functions.php<\/code> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">add_theme_support()<\/code> K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng li\u00ean quan, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0\u2026 <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">editor-styles<\/code>\u3001<code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">align-wide<\/code> V\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng m\u00e0u t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh. Th\u1ee9 hai, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng (stylesheet) ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3\u2026 <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">add_editor_style()<\/code> Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c h\u00e0m (functions) v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng khi ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda n\u1ed9i dung tr\u00ean giao di\u1ec7n backend (ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7) t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean giao di\u1ec7n frontend (ph\u00eda tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t). B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u kh\u1ed1i (Block Styles) ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh (Custom Blocks) \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng (theme development)?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">WordPress s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng framework GNU gettext \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u00f3a (i18n). Trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc b\u1edfi c\u00e1c h\u00e0m chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng. <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">()<\/code> D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch trong PHP.<code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">_e()<\/code> D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecbch.<code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">esc_html()<\/code> D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a (escape) n\u1ed9i dung HTML. Trong JavaScript, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i ch\u1ee9a k\u00fd t\u1ef1 HTML m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb sai ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i trong trang web. <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">wp.i18n.__()<\/code>Sau \u0111\u00f3, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Poedit \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t n\u1ed9i dung v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng .pot, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ecbch ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng .po v\u00e0 .mo. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">style.css<\/code> C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Text Domain<\/code> V\u00e0\u2026 <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">functions.php<\/code> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng <code data-no-auto-translation=\"\">load_theme_textdomain()<\/code> \u0110ang t\u1ea3i t\u1ec7p d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam trang c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng API \u201cCustomizer\u201d t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n trong WordPress; c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p giao di\u1ec7n xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ef1c quan v\u00e0 theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c trang c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u201cOptions Page\u201d. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khuy\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng API \u201cWordPress Settings\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd, x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba nh\u01b0 Advanced Custom Fields (ACF) ho\u1eb7c Carbon Fields; nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 trang t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u53d1WordPress\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u9996\u5148\u8bb2\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u642d\u5efa\u672c\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u5e76\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3b\u9898\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u521b\u5efastyle.css\u548cindex.php\u6838\u5fc3\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u63a5\u7740\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790WordPress\u6a21\u677f\u5c42\u7ea7\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efaheader.php\u3001footer.php\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6700\u540e\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7functions.php\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3b\u9898\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6784\u5efa\u529f\u80fd\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6307\u5bfc\u3002<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[638,436,2149,1906,805],"knowledge_category":[280],"class_list":["post-12380235","knowledge_post","type-knowledge_post","status-publish","hentry","tag-wordpress-theme-development","tag-wordpress-tutorial","tag-theme-development-guide","tag-template-hierarchy","tag-custom-themes","knowledge_category-wordpress"],"acf":{"site_seo_keywords":"WordPress\u4e3b\u9898\u5f00\u53d1,\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3b\u9898,\u6a21\u677f\u5c42\u7ea7,functions.php,\u4e3b\u9898\u7ed3\u6784,\u672c\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883,\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u5efa\u4e3b\u9898"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12380235","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledge_post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12380235\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12405027,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12380235\/revisions\/12405027"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12380235"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12380235"},{"taxonomy":"knowledge_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_category?post=12380235"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}