{"id":12402452,"date":"2026-05-31T15:33:03","date_gmt":"2026-05-31T07:33:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/knowledge\/wordpress%e4%b8%bb%e9%a2%98%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e9%9b%b6%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e8%87%aa%e5%ae%9a%e4%b9%89%e7%bd%91%e7%ab%99\/"},"modified":"2026-06-03T18:40:22","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T10:40:22","slug":"wordpress-theme-development-guide-12402452","status":"publish","type":"knowledge_post","link":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/knowledge\/wordpress\/wordpress-theme-development-guide-12402452\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trang web t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 giao di\u1ec7n, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a trang web, tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n qua to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean trang web.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (local development environment) hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn trang web tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khuy\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c g\u00f3i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n, nh\u01b0 Local by Flywheel, XAMPP ho\u1eb7c MAMP. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t nhanh ch\u00f3ng (ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t) cho Apache\/Nginx, MySQL v\u00e0 PHP, gi\u00fap m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. L\u1ea5y Local l\u00e0m v\u00ed d\u1ee5: n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p giao di\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c quan \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o trang web, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n PHP v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 0 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. Visual Studio Code \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng nh\u1edd v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 PHP Intelephense, WordPress Snippet, v.v.). Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n (version control system) nh\u01b0 Git \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t (nh\u01b0 Chrome DevTools ho\u1eb7c Firefox Developer Edition) c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i (debug) m\u00e3 HTML, CSS v\u00e0 JavaScript.<\/p>\n\n\r\n

\r\n \r\n
\r\n \r\n UltaHost \u2013 Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 WordPress chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p <\/strong>\r\n
B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ho\u00e0n ti\u1ec1n trong 30 ng\u00e0y, b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, mua 3 n\u0103m \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i 50%<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n
\r\n \r\n \"Logo\r\n \r\n <\/a>\r\n \r\n \r\n Truy c\u1eadp trang <\/a>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t theme WordPress<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n hai t\u1ec7p tin, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t t\u1ec7p tin v\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u00e0 t\u1ec7p ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0m (Core Style Sheet and Function Files)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed7i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t trang \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ri\u00eang. style.css<\/code> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p tin (file). Ph\u1ea7n ghi ch\u00fa \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 WordPress nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n ghi ch\u00fa \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\/*\nTheme Name: \u6211\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3b\u9898\nTheme URI: https:\/\/example.com\/my-theme\nAuthor: \u4f60\u7684\u540d\u5b57\nAuthor URI: https:\/\/example.com\nDescription: \u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49WordPress\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\nVersion: 1.0.0\nLicense: GPL v2 or later\nText Domain: my-custom-theme\n*\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p tin quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0\u2026 functions.php<\/code>N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t plugin, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cth\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng\u201d d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n (themes), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea1o menu \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd, b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh (sidebar), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c script v\u00e0 phong c\u00e1ch (styles) kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o giao di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Template files and template hierarchy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
WordPress s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (template hierarchy) \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh file m\u1eabu n\u00e0o s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i cho m\u1ed9t trang c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. M\u1eabu c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0\u2026 index.php<\/code>\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi thao t\u00e1c tr\u00ean trang web \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c trang. Trang ch\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf sao cho\u2026 front-page.php<\/code> \u6216 home.php<\/code> \u201cControl: Each article is displayed on a single page.\u201d single.php<\/code> \u201cControl, the page is\u2026\u201d page.php<\/code> \u201cControl.\u201d Trang l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb n\u00e0y. archive.php<\/code> Ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u1eabu chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, th\u1ebb tag, v.v. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theme WordPress: T\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (Building the core functions of a theme)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a WordPress, nh\u01b0 menu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng, khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 (widgets) v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt cho b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Menu \u0110\u0103ng K\u00fd v\u00e0 Navigating \u0110\u1ed9ng (Registration Menu and Dynamic Navigation)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i\u2026 functions.php<\/code> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng register_nav_menus()<\/code> H\u00e0m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 khai b\u00e1o c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00f3n \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function mytheme_setup() {\n    register_nav_menus( array(\n        'primary' => __( '\u4e3b\u5bfc\u822a\u83dc\u5355', 'my-custom-theme' ),\n        'footer'  => __( '\u9875\u811a\u83dc\u5355', 'my-custom-theme' ),\n    ) );\n}\nadd_action( 'after_setup_theme', 'mytheme_setup' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Sau \u0111\u00f3, trong t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (nh\u01b0 header.php<\/code>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong ) c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb menu, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng wp_nav_menu()<\/code> H\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb menu.<\/p>\n\n\r\n
\r\n     \r\n  
\r\n    \r\n      Hosting.com - l\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb    <\/strong>\r\n    
Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb CPU AMD EPYC, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef SSD NVMe v\u00e0 LiteSpeed, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u00ean gia n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 24 gi\u1edd\/ng\u00e0y, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m SSL, ch\u1ed1ng brute force, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 DDoS, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u1edbi 73%.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
B\u1eadt t\u00ednh n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u1ea3nh thu nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch b\u1ed5 sung cho b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Th\u00f4ng qua add_theme_support()<\/code> C\u00e1c h\u00e0m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau cho m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1. \u0110o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u1ea3nh thu nh\u1ecf (h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n) cho b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
add_theme_support( 'post-thumbnails' );\n\/\/ \u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u7ae0\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\u7f29\u7565\u56fe\u5c3a\u5bf8\nset_post_thumbnail_size( 800, 400, true );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf (b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh), b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng register_sidebar()<\/code> \u0110\u0103ng k\u00fd h\u00e0m v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 trong m\u1eabu (template). dynamic_sidebar()<\/code> H\u00e3y hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Theme styles, scripts, and loops<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00e0nh m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung trang web m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng (theme development).<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c m\u1eabu trang web chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u01b0a CSS v\u00e0 JavaScript v\u00e0o trang web<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ec3u (style sheets) v\u00e0 t\u1ec7p script v\u00e0o trang web (b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam ch\u00fang v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ee3i \u2013 enqueue), thay v\u00ec m\u00e3 h\u00f3a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (templates). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c l functions.php<\/code> th\u00eam:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function mytheme_scripts() {\n    \/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u4e3b\u6837\u5f0f\u8868\n    wp_enqueue_style( 'mytheme-style', get_stylesheet_uri() );\n    \/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49JavaScript\u6587\u4ef6\n    wp_enqueue_script( 'mytheme-navigation', get_template_directory_uri() . '\/js\/navigation.js', array(), '1.0.0', true );\n}\nadd_action( 'wp_enqueue_scripts', 'mytheme_scripts' );<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a WordPress ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cThe Loop\u201d (V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p). \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 PHP d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00f3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb hay kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh in ra t\u1eebng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\r\n
\r\n     \r\n  
\r\n    \r\n      M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a InterServer    <\/strong>\r\n    
L\u01b0u tr\u1eef chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed $2,50 USD m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng, gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 $0,1 USD trong th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, m\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tryinterserver, v\u1edbi 461 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t.<\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  
\r\n          \r\n                  \"Logo\r\n          \r\n              <\/a>\r\n    \r\n    \r\n       Truy c\u1eadp trang    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<?php if ( have_posts() ) : while ( have_posts() ) : the_post(); ?>\n    <article id="post-<?php the_ID(); ?>" no numeric noise key 1006>\n        <h2><a href="\/vi\/<\/?php the_permalink(); ?>"><?php the_title(); ?><\/a><\/h2>\n        <div class="entry-content">\n            <?php the_content(); ?>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/article>\n<?php endwhile; else : ?>\n    <p><?php esc_html_e( '\u62b1\u6b49\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002', 'my-custom-theme' ); ?><\/p>\n<?php endif; ?><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
B\u00ean trong v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c th\u1ebb m\u1eabu (template tags), ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0\u2026 the_title()<\/code>\u3001the_content()<\/code>\u3001the_excerpt()<\/code> \u548c the_post_thumbnail()<\/code> \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t theme WordPress t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i cho \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (frontend) cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a WordPress, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1eb5n. functions.php<\/code> B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u1eabu (template files) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. Qua th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng giao di\u1ec7n (themes) \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a WordPress m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
FAQ \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n WordPress Theme b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) cho WordPress, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh PHP, HTML, CSS v\u00e0 JavaScript c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. PHP l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd logic v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u1ed9ng; HTML \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac trang web; CSS d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf giao di\u1ec7n; c\u00f2n JavaScript th\u00ec gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c tr\u00ean trang web.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a WordPress?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u201cH\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Tema\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh\u201d do WordPress ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c h\u00e0m API, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ra, x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o), tri\u1ec3n khai t\u00ednh n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu v\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 h\u00e0m d\u1ecbch), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc (frontend) c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau (t\u00ednh n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau). Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng plugin Theme Check do WordPress cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (sub-theme) t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t framework \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 Underscores ho\u1eb7c GeneratePress, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t sub-theme (ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 con) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n. Sub-theme c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 cha, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p template ho\u1eb7c phong c\u00e1ch (style) c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong sub-theme \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sau khi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 (theme) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh n\u00f3?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, bao g\u1ed3m ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n PHP v\u00e0 WordPress. Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i (debugging statements) v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p CSS\/JS xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u. Ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, d\u1ec5 hireadme.txt<\/code>M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ec7p tin: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n n\u1ed9p ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0o danh m\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a WordPress, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed9p v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c trang b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin trong ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c m\u1eabu (templates), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i nh\u01b0 menu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh thu nh\u1ecf b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 WordPress.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[638,1977,4128,4127],"knowledge_category":[280],"class_list":["post-12402452","knowledge_post","type-knowledge_post","status-publish","hentry","tag-wordpress-theme-development","tag-development-environment-setup","tag-4128","tag-custom-site-building","knowledge_category-wordpress"],"acf":{"site_seo_keywords":"WordPress\u4e3b\u9898\u5f00\u53d1,\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3b\u9898,\u4e3b\u9898\u6a21\u677f\u5c42\u7ea7,functions.php,style.css,\u672c\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883,WordPress\u5f00\u53d1\u6559\u7a0b"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12402452","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledge_post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12402452\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12403524,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_posts\/12402452\/revisions\/12403524"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12402452"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12402452"},{"taxonomy":"knowledge_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.likacloud.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledge_category?post=12402452"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}